Investigación y Educación en Enfermería

Ethics and Technology in Nursing Education: Rethinking Artificial Intelligence

2025-11-19T11:54:53-05:00

This essay aims to critically reflect on the ethical challenges posed by the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in the education of nursing professionals. Based on an argumentative review of recent scientific literature, three key dimensions are analyzed: personalized learning as an opportunity to promote inclusion and academic autonomy; the potential of AI to reduce educational gaps through public policies that guarantee digital equity; and the strengthening of clinical and ethical judgment through AI-assisted simulations in educational environments. Likewise, the risks associated with its implementation are addressed, such as algorithmic surveillance, the mechanization of moral reasoning, and technological exclusion in contexts with low digital literacy. It is concluded that the real challenge does not lie in the technology itself, but in how it is designed, regulated, and pedagogically integrated in terms of care, dignity, and critical thinking. Finally, the need to advance research that guides regulatory frameworks and educational proposals to ensure an ethical, inclusive, and contextualized integration of AI in nursing education is suggested.

Curricular and Administrative Transformation of the Nursing Program at Universidad de Antioquia. 75 Years of History

2025-11-19T12:09:56-05:00

This essay describes the curricular and administrative transformation of the Nursing Program at Universidad de Antioquia since its founding in 1950, identifying progress and challenges up to current times in professional formation, institutional management, and care as disciplinary knowledge. The information has been organized by decades, which evidences historical processes, recognizes change patterns, and highlights relevant milestones more clearly, facilitating a critical analysis of academic evolution in long-term contexts. The institutional trajectory reveals an adaptive capacity regarding social and educational challenges. The most significant milestones include the transition from School to Faculty (1980), the high-quality accreditation from the National Ministry of Education (1999, 2006, 2013, and 2022), incorporation of high technology to teaching (2017), creation of a PhD degree in Nursing (2010), and strengthened work with international networks (as of 2022). These processes have consolidated a critical, humanistic, and socially relevant training in students and graduates. The recovery of this institutional memory strengthens the disciplinary identity and allows projecting a transformative nursing program into the future, committed to academic excellence, social justice, and educational innovation. The historical overview offers tools to address contemporary challenges in health and education, and reaffirms the Faculty’s role as a national benchmark in higher education in nursing.

Graduate Training in the Faculty of Nursing at Universidad de Antioquia. A Contribution to Society’s Needs for Care

2025-11-19T12:13:00-05:00

Creation of graduate studies as academic programs in the Faculty of Nursing at Universidad de Antioquia began during the 1980s as a result of the generation of knowledge product of profound academic discussions in research and disciplinary areas. The Master’s, specialization, and PhD programs have generated an important academic production that helps make the Faculty visible in the world. These programs are permanently subjected to self-evaluation processes, which lead to improvement plans aimed at raising their quality in response to scientific progress, social needs, and health and education policies within the framework of graduate training for nursing professionals, which guarantees the social pertinence of their formation. Currently, the Faculty’s graduate programs are pertinent in their purpose of training professionals capable of confronting society’s heterogeneity and proposing solution alternatives according to the new challenges from the context to live with quality and dignity. This text seeks to show the historical development of graduate training in the Faculty of Nursing at Universidad de Antioquia in its 75 years of existence and its contribution to care and development of nursing in our society.

Challenges and implications of the use of artificial intelligence in health care, with an emphasis on nursing. Scoping review

2025-11-19T12:03:29-05:00

Objective. To review the literature related to ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, with a particular emphasis on its challenges and implications in nursing.

Methods. Data bases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL are reviewed. Inclusion criteria focused on English-language articles addressing AI ethics in healthcare, with priority given to empirical studies, World Health Organization (WHO) reports, and nursing-specific scholarship. General Search Items included artificial intelligence ethics, AI in healthcare challenges, nursing AI implications, algorithmic bias healthcare, informed consent AI, privacy data protection AI, and WHO AI guidelines, combined with Boolean operators (e.g., "AI AND nursing autonomy") and filters for publication date (post-2018) and article type (reviews, originals).

Results. Most of the studies emphasizes that integration of Artificial intelligence provides substantial benefits for patients, medical professionals, and the overall healthcare framework. Like the improving the primary healthcare, cost reduction, and enhanced efficiency of medical and clinical processes and it also helps where human intelligence is needed i.e. analytical reasoning, acquiring knowledge, and decision-making. While it offers immense possibilities, this technology demands vast amounts of patient information, leading to concerns about confidentiality, protection, and other moral dilemmas. It also highlights the need for nurses to develop AI literacy and bias recognition to balance technological efficiency with humanistic care and ethical evaluation; enabling nurses to monitor unethical AI applications and ensure fairness in patient care.

Conclusion. AI is revolutionizing the healthcare sector but demands robust ethical governance to mitigate harms like discrimination and privacy erosion. For nursing, proactive integration—via updated curricula and interdisciplinary policies—can foster safe, equitable AI adoption, ultimately advancing human dignity and health outcomes.

Leadership by Nurse Managers and its Impact on Humanization. A Descriptive Analysis based on the Perception of Care Nurses

2025-11-18T18:24:59-05:00

Objective. The objective was to analyze the relationship among sociodemographic factors, management variables, and the perception of care humanization by nursing staff.

Methods. A descriptive and observational study was conducted with a sample of 659 nurses working in Spain. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and management variables was performed. Subsequently, a Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to classify participants according to their scores on the HUMAS scale, which measures their perception of their own humanization and that of their manager. Finally, multinomial and logistic regression models were proposed to identify the determinant factors for belonging to these classes and for the opinion on the center of the healthcare system.

Results. The sample was composed mostly of women (78.9%) with professional experience and job stability averaging 24.17±10.49 years (Min=1, Max=45). Notable dissatisfaction (58.3%) and distrust (57.9% between little and none) towards managers were detected. The LCA identified four nurse profiles based on their perception of humanization: a class with a high valuation of their own humanization and management (Class 2: c2), one with a low valuation in both (Class 3: c3), one with a high personal valuation but low towards management (Class 4: c4), and an intermediate class (Class 1: c1). The most valued traits in a manager were respect, communication, and transparency.

Conclusion. A significant gap exists between nurses’ self-perception of humanization, which is generally high, and their perception of their managers, which is predominantly low. This dissonance, combined with dissatisfaction with leadership, underscores the need to develop management styles that promote communication, respect, and transparency to improve the work environment and the quality of patient care.

Factors Associated with the Development of Skin Lesions in Hospitalized Patients Admitted to a Nursing Preventive Care Program in Colombia

2025-11-18T18:37:00-05:00

Objective. This work sought to determine the factors associated with the development of skin lesions among patients hospitalized and admitted to a preventive skin care program carried out by nursing.

Methods. Analytical observational study of cases and controls, which included a sample of 150 cases and 300 controls hospitalized in a clinic with tier IV level of complexity in Bogotá (Colombia). A classification and regression tree was developed to explore the complex interactions that define cases and controls.

Results. According to the decision tree, the factors that represent greater probability for the development of skin lesions in the study population were the preventive use of hydrocolloid dressings, hospital stay > 12 days, BMI > 23, incontinence, diagnosis upon admission related with cardiovascular problems and peripheral vascular disease, cancer, surgery, or respiratory failure.

Conclusion. Development of skin lesions was related with the interaction of different clinical conditions presented by the patients. Integration of this knowledge is essential for structuring preventive care programs in high-complexity hospitals and in formulating individualized care plans.

Usability of a website to promote treatment adherence for adults with HIV

2025-11-18T18:50:43-05:00

Objective. To evaluate a website-type care-educational technology aimed at promoting adherence to antiretroviral treatment in adults living with HIV.

Methods. This study was based on a Knowledge Translation into Action project developed in two stages: in the first stage, a free-access website was created through collaboration among different research groups; in the second stage, a cross-sectional study was conducted with focus groups and individual interviews with eight participants, using the Assistive Technology Assessment Instrument to evaluate the website’s attributes.

Results. The website was established as a digital care-educational technology, providing information supported by scientific evidence on self-efficacy, social support, and quality of life. The proposed issues addressed different situations in the lives of people living with HIV, with the objective of fostering treatment adherence. In the overall assessment conducted by the target audience, the website obtained a mean score of 1.88 (minimum 1.1 and maximum 2.0), being classified as adequate. Suggestions received were incorporated through adjustments in design and content structure.

Conclusion. The website can be used by adults living with HIV and by nursing professionals to promote treatment adherence, contributing to self-care and health education.

Evidence-Based Pathways to Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Lifestyle Interventions for Longevity and Well-Being

2025-11-18T19:34:32-05:00

Objective. To evaluate the impact of multidimensional lifestyle interventions on aging outcomes, including cognitive function, physical health, emotional well-being, and longevity.

Methods. This systematic review included 35 randomized controlled trials from 2014 through 2024 using MeSH terms such as "healthy aging," "nutrition," "physical activity," "mental health," "social connections," and "preventive healthcare." Inclusion was made based on whether studies have explored at least one lifestyle intervention among populations of 50 years and above with a reported outcome related to health and aging.

Results. 35 RCTs (n ≈ 25 000 participants) were included. Key findings were: Nutrition: The Mediterranean diet, antioxidant-rich foods, and protein intake were associated with cardiovascular benefits (RR = 0.78), reduced cognitive decline (OR = 0.72), and improved muscle mass (SMD = 0.45). Physical Exercise: Aerobic and resistance exercises enhanced cardiovascular fitness (MD in VO2 max = 3.6 mL/kg/min) as well as risk of frailty (RR = 0.67); Mental Health: Cognitive stimulation and mindfulness interventions reduced the risk of dementia (OR = 0.75) as well as stress levels (Standard Mean Difference -SMD = -0.65); Network Social: Friendship support interventions with community involvement attenuated the susceptibility to depression, by 30% (RR = 0.70), with improved life overall satisfaction (SMD = 0.55); Safe Harm Avoidance: Smoking treatment reduced cardiovascular outcome risks (OR = 0.68), though moderate alcoholism was associated with better liver overall function (SMD = −0.38); Sleep: Insomnia was related to a 25% reduced risk of cognitive decline when kept at 7–8 hours (RR = 0.75), and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia was highly effective in enhancing quality of sleep (SMD = 0.74); Preventive Healthcare: Routine checkup reduced the un-diagnosed chronic conditions by 40% (RR = 0.60) and the vaccination programs reduced the influenza-related hospital admissions (OR = 0.58).

Conclusion. Lifestyle interventions are significant in promoting life expectancy, cognitive performance, and overall well-being. The most comprehensive benefits of delay of age-related decline will be offered by the integration of multiple lifestyle factors, including balanced diets, regular exercise, cognitive engagement, strong social ties, and preventive healthcare.

Health promotion for young Brazilian and Portuguese university students in terms of self-perception and self-image: Instagram profile

2025-11-19T10:32:10-05:00

Objective. To build a scientific content profile with validity evidence on the Instagram social network, focusing on health promotion for Brazilian and Portuguese university students regarding self-perception and self-image.

Methods. A multi-method study based on Design Thinking in four stages: Knowledge Building (1st Review with 26 studies and Documentary Study with 962 forms); Product Definition (2nd Review with 50 studies and Focus Group with 13 participants); Development (Profile Prototyping); and Evaluation and Delivery (with evidence of usefulness, ease, and acceptability assessed by seven users).

Results. It was evidenced in 42.3% of the studies that young people have difficulties with the use of alcohol and drugs; among technologies for intervention, multimedia campaigns and social networks were highlighted. The majority (53.8%) of the records expressed the young people's desire to change something about their bodies. The focus group understood the need to intervene in the self-perception and self-image of young people through Instagram. The profile @multi.brasilportugal was created with content about the promotion of self-care, links for theoretical depth, and professional referrals. Regarding usefulness, ease, and acceptability, users considered it extremely likely to be useful for achieving the objective, extremely easy to operate the profile, and quite likely in terms of the clarity and understanding of the interaction with the technology.

Conclusion. Design Thinking encouraged the creation of an Instagram profile with interaction and the possibility of using scientific content for education and health promotion, especially to improve body positivity and self-esteem.

Silent Harm: How Ambient Air Pollution Threatens Prenatal and Neonatal Health. A Systematic Review

2025-11-19T10:43:05-05:00

Objective. To examine the link between ambient air pollution and poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Methods. This systematic study searched numerous databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, revealed 26 papers that met established criteria. This research looked at how pollutants such as Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns, Particulate Matter ≤10 micrometers, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Ozone, and black carbon affected maternal and new-born health, including miscarriage, preeclampsia, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and neonatal respiratory and neurological abnormalities.

Results. Findings repeatedly revealed that enhanced the danger of gestational problems & poor neonatal consequences, with pollutants including Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns and Nitrogen Dioxide substantially related to hypertensive disorders, before the expected time of delivery, low birth weight, and reduced new-born immune and respiratory function. The paper also discusses how pollution impacts health via biological processes such as oxidative stress and epigenetic alterations. Variability in research designs, exposure assessment methodologies, and regional pollution levels were observed.

Conclusion. This review underscores the link between ambient air pollution, particularly Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns and Nitrogen Dioxide, and poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Recognizing these risks is crucial for nursing care, allowing nurses to educate, identify early risks, and advocate for policies that protect mothers and newborns. Strengthening interventions will improve health outcomes for both.

Effect of a mobile-based, family-centered self-care education program on Health Literacy and Self-Care in Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2025-11-19T11:06:00-05:00

Objective. To evaluate the effect of family-centered self-care education via tele-nursing on health literacy and the self-care status of patients with heart failure.

Methods. This study is a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Sixty heart failure patients were randomly allocated into two groups: intervention (n=30) y control (n=30). The researcher conducted six 20-minute sessions on how to take care of yourself in heart failure for active family members of patients in the intervention group via mobile phone on Eitaa APP messenger. Before the intervention and one month after it, patients completed the Heart Failure Health Literacy Questionnaire and the Self-Care Assessment Questionnaire.

Results. Inter-group comparisons using the Mann-Whitney test showed that before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of mean health literacy scores and self-care behaviors(p<0.05). However, after the intervention, a significant difference emerged, with the intervention group exhibiting higher mean scores than the control group in both questionnaires (p<0.001). Intra-group comparisons further revealed that the intervention group’s mean scores for health literacy and self-care behaviors increased significantly after the intervention compared to before (p<0.001).

Conclusion. Family-centered education via mobile phone on Eitaa APP messenger improved both health literacy and self-care status among heart failure patients. Thus, employing tele-nursing to engage the family members of heart failure patients can be an effective strategy for delivering educational interventions as part of the treatment program.

Coping strategies used by migrant women during pregnancy. An integrative review

2025-11-19T11:19:30-05:00

Objective. To analyze the coping strategies for the adaptation of the migrant during pregnancy described in the literature.

Methods. Integrative review using the method approached by Whittemore and Knafl. MeSH terms Pregnancy, Migrants and immigrants, and Psychological adaptation, were incorporated in addition to their variants in the databases of Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Articles that examined the coping strategies used by pregnant migrants to adapt during pregnancy were included. Only the articles published from 2003 to 2023 was considered. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles were analyzed with the CASPe critical reading tool in which quality and consistency were reviewed. Using the software, Atlas.ti, version 23.2.1, content analysis for the categorical construction of data was performed. These strategies were analyzed with the middle-range theory adaptation to life events by Callista Roy.

Results. A total of 416 articles were considered. The reviewed articles show 14 coping strategies used by the pregnant migrant, which were grouped into 5 strategies called social support, emotional regulation and transfer, positive attitude strategy, cultural adaptation strategy, and comprehensible language strategy.

Conclusion. It was found that the strategy most used by the migrant pregnant woman is social support, followed by positive attitude strategies and comprehensible language; when using these strategies, the results show migrant pregnant women with a decrease in anxiety, fear and a positive attitude towards life and health.

Prenatal care with blind pregnant women: validation of an instrument for nurses on knowledge, attitude and practice

2025-11-19T11:30:32-05:00

Objective. To verify evidence of validity of the instrument “Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurses in Prenatal Care for Visually Impaired Pregnant Women”.

Methods. Methodological study to assess content validity with the participation of 22 expert nurses (11 from the area of Sexual and Reproductive Health and 11 from the area of People with Disabilities). The instrument was adapted into a Google Forms questionnaire and assessed Objectivity, Clarity, and Relevance. The data were analyzed using the Content Validity Coefficient and Content Validity Ratio, in addition to calculating Cronbach's Alpha for internal consistency. Ten generalist nurses from Primary Care participated in the semantic validation, evaluating comprehension, relevance, and possible adjustments to the instrument, with calculation of the Semantic Concordance Index.

Results. The instrument obtained an overall Content Validity Coefficient above 0.90 for objectivity, clarity, and relevance, with internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.89). The experts' suggestions improved the wording and structure. In semantic validation, the Semantic Concordance Index was 0.97, reinforcing clarity and applicability.

Conclusion. The instrument showed evidence of content validity, being objective, clear, and relevant for assessing the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of nurses in the prenatal care of pregnant women with visual impairment.

Effect of the fluid management nursing intervention on improving biochemical test results and dialysis therapy in chronic kidney disease patients: a randomized controlled trial

2025-11-19T11:42:33-05:00

Objetive. To test the effectiveness of nursing intervention to control fluid volume on improving laboratory test results and dialysis adequacy in patients with Excess fluid volume.

Methods. This is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial involving 34 patients with chronic kidney disease and a nursing diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume undergoing chronic hemodialysis equally randomized into two groups (control n=17 and intervention n=17). Data were collected on sociodemographic and clinical factors, the presence of Excess Fluid Volume, and water balance. Laboratory parameters, including serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and dialysis adequacy markers, were assessed before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of 13 nursing activities, including educational, follow-up, and reminder components, such as fluid balance monitoring, daily weight control, edema assessment, laboratory follow-up, and health education on diet and self-care. The control group received only the usual care provided at the dialysis clinic.

Results. There were significant improvements in laboratory test results and dialysis adequacy. The statistical difference between the groups was significant in the mean values of calcium (p<0.001), post-hemodialysis urea (p=0.002), and creatinine (p=0.006), demonstrating the direct effect of the intervention. In addition, there were improvements in overall dialysis quality and adequacy measures.

Conclusion. The nursing intervention significantly improved laboratory test results and dialysis adequacy in patients with chronic renal failure and Excess Fluid Volume, highlighting its potential for enhancing patient management and nursing care.

Effectiveness of Nursing Interventions in Reducing Maternal Mortality in Resource-Limited Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2025-11-19T11:50:07-05:00

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led or nurse-integrated interventions in improving maternal health outcomes, particularly antenatal care (ANC) attendance, in resource-constrained settings.

Methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched for studies evaluating the impact of nursing interventions on maternal health outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed for studies reporting ANC attendance (4 and more visits). (PROSPERO CRD420251067253).

Results. Of the 1038 records identified, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, and 3 were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled Odds Ratio for ANC attendance was 1.48 (95% CI = 1.06–2.08), indicating a statistically significant improvement. For facility use at birth, results also showed positive effects (OR=1.49, 95% CI = 1.21–1.77). Mortality-related outcomes showed a midwife-delivered postpartum hemorrhage bundle reduced a composite outcome including severe hemorrhage and death (RR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.32–0.50) Narrative synthesis of other outcomes such as skilled birth attendance and maternal mortality also suggested a positive impact of nurse-led interventions.

Conclusion. Nurse-led and nurse-integrated maternal health interventions significantly improve ANC utilization in low-resource settings. Policymakers should consider scaling these models as part of broader maternal health strategies

Siren Songs of an Effortless Academy: The Misuse of Artificial Intelligence

2025-11-18T14:03:52-05:00

Fostering Thriving in Healthcare Organizations: An Opportunity to Strengthen the Nursing Professional Workforce

2025-11-18T14:21:05-05:00

Vital Legacy

2025-11-19T12:06:06-05:00