Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia

Self-medication in oral health in Bogota: ethnographic study

2023-06-23T11:01:17-05:00

Introduction: self-medication in oral health is a practice censured by biomedicine; however, it is a frequent activity that synthesizes the interaction of people with different models of health care, where the structural and symbolic fabric of the health field materializes. The objective was to understand the knowledge and practices on oral health self-medication in Bogota. Methods: qualitative research with ethnographic approach. Tools such as participant observation, ethnographic interview and field diary were used. Seven families from Bogota were chosen from an ideal typological sample. Results: there are barriers to access to dental care that are increased through segregation mechanisms that are related to the urban structure of the city, barriers that motivate the use of various medications in the face of ailments. The mouth has diverse meanings. Caries and its effects are recognized, and in its prevention silks, pastes, rinses and brushes are used, elements that come from the pharmaceutical industry. The most common ailment is odontalgia, and analgesics of pharmaceutical origin are mainly used to treat it. Conclusions: self-medication in oral health is a conscious process carried out by the subjects from their own reasoning and resources, to prevent and treat their ailments. This practice is related to social representations about the mouth, to access to dental care services, and to the availability and obtaining of therapeutic supplies.

Level of knowledge of Covid-19 among students, teachers and administrative staff belonging to the Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Central del Ecuador

2023-07-13T13:59:53-05:00

Introduction: Covid-19, a lethal disease that has wreaked havoc worldwide caused a pandemic, affecting almost all aspects of human life, therefore, it is necessary to acquire knowledge about prevention, form positive attitudes and behaviors to avoid more contagions and deaths. The objective was to determine the level of knowledge of Covid-19 among students, teachers and administrative personnel belonging to the Faculty of Dentistry of the Central University of Ecuador. Methods: observational, cross-sectional analytical study, with a sample of 275 participants including dental teachers, administrative personnel, undergraduate and graduate students. Prior to the study, the questionnaire Covid-19 Awareness Among Healthcare Students and Professionals in Mumbai Metropolitan Region: A Questionnaire-Based Survey was translated from English into Spanish, following the due processes of preparation, reconciliation, back-translation and final report. Once the reliability of the questionnaire was established (internal consistency CCI= 0,89 and Cronbach's Alpha α= 0,63), it was applied to the total sample after being designed in Google Forms and sent via e-mail. The data were analyzed in the SPSS v. 26 statistical program using the Chi-Square test. Results: the established average of the median value showed that undergraduate students and professionals with a third level education had a higher level of knowledge than the other groups (p=0,014 and 0,012) respectively. Conclusions: the age group 18-30 years, undergraduate university students and professionals with third level degree had a better level of knowledge about Covid-19.

Anxiety, emotions of the odontologist and measures adopted in clinical care during the COVID-19 pandemic

2023-07-19T11:32:39-05:00

Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic has affected dental practice, due to the high risk of contagion during its practice. The objective of the study was to evaluate the level of anxiety; emotions and measures taken by dentists during COVID-19 pandemic in Lima Metropolitana-Peru. Methods: the study was descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional carried out in 386 dentists practicing in Lima Metropolitan-Peru during the first months of 2021. Level of anxiety was assessed by “Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item” (GAD-7) scale. A questionnaire was developed and validated to evaluate emotions and measures taken and was sent through different social networks. Results: mild and moderate anxiety were present in 42.5% and 21.2% respectively, with higher levels of severity in women (p<0.001). The higher the age and number of years of professional experience, the level of anxiety was lower (Rho=-0.132; p=0.009) and (Rho=-0.129, p=0.011). The emotions increased as the level of anxiety was higher p<0.001. 97.7% stated that they had modified the use of personal protective equipment such as the use of N95-type respiratory masks and face shields, and 48.7% revealed that they had some difficulty in obtaining it. The most used measure in clinical practice was hand washing before and after treatment (92.7%), while the use of ultraviolet light (42.5%) was the least used. Conclusions: dentists have changed care protocol, manifesting different levels of anxiety accompanied by negative emotions during COVID-19 pandemic.

Quality of life related to periodontal disease in diabetic patients under the health subsidized regime in Manizales

2023-08-09T08:02:36-05:00

Introduction: quality of life related to oral health is a relevant topic that involves the relationship of dentistry with chronic noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, given its bidirectional relationship. This study emphasizes the importance of reviewing the impact of periodontal alterations on the quality of life of diabetic patients. The objective of this study was to establish the quality of life related to periodontal status in diabetic patients belonging to the subsidized regime of Manizales. Methods: 90 diabetic adults belonging to the diabetes program of the subsidized regime were observed by means of a structured interview, application of the OHIP-14 instrument (Oral Health Impact Profile on Quality of Life) and direct observation of periodontal status, to establish the index of periodontal extension and severity, description of the OHIP-14 index, establish its relationship with sociodemographic variables and with periodontal health status. Results: we found a prevalence of impaction according to OHIP-14 of 44.4%, extent of impaction with an average of 1.58 (CI: 1.0-2.1) and severity of impaction of 6.7 (CI: 6.2-7.8). When consolidating the OHIP-14 results by dimension, it was observed that the greatest impact corresponded to the physical pain dimension, with a percentage of 81.1%. The lowest percentage was presented in the dimensions of Social Incapacity and Disability or Handicap with 34.4%. Conclusions: although in the population studied, the presence of periodontal disease had a poor impact on quality of life, this was greater in the dimensions of physical pain and psychological discomfort.

Depth and proximity of third molars to the inferior alveolar canal in panoramic radiographs of a Latin American population

2023-07-14T09:40:16-05:00

Introduction: extraction of lower third molars involve the possible occurrence of complications such as injury of the content of the Inferior Alveolar Canal. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 6488 lower molar records of digital panoramic radiographs of patients from 6 Latin American countries from 2010-2015. The variables studied were the depth of lower third molar according to the Pell and Gregory classification, and the proximity of a third molar to the Inferior Alveolar Canal that was evaluated according to the proposed classification, based on a modification of the Langlais et al classification.20 Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Results: in terms of the proximity, the highest frequency was Intact with 27.45%(n=1781). Regarding the depth of the lower third molar, the most frequent were the Position B with 46.90%(n=3043) and Position A with 46.75%(n=3033). The proximity and depth of the lower third molar had statistical difference according to age(p<0.01) and sex (p<0.001). The overall proximity of the lower third molar to the Inferior alveolar canal, according to depth was 37.52%(n=1766) in Position A, in Position B it was 54.51%(n=2566) and Position C was 7.97%(n=375) and had association between variables(p<0.001). Conclusions: taking into consideration the modified classification of Langlais et al.20, lower third molars are close to the Inferior Alveolar Canal, and according to the Pell and Gregory classification for the depth, the most frequent positions are A and B. In addition, proximity and depth were associated with each other, and with the co-variables country, age, and sex.

Dental anxiety before the first step and after the second step of periodontitis therapy

2023-08-03T09:41:50-05:00

Introducción: las personas que experimentan Ansiedad al tratamiento Dental (AD) pueden evitar las citas odontológicas e incluso posponer los tratamientos, incluyendo el tratamiento periodontal. El objetivo de este estudio fue 1) determinar la AD en pacientes con periodontitis antes del primer paso y después del segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis (tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico) y 2) recopilar características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población estudiada. Métodos: se invitó a participar a pacientes con periodontitis que nunca habían recibido instrumentación subgingival, que asistían a la Clínica de Periodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Del expediente electrónico se obtuvo la siguiente información: estadio periodontal, Índice de Placa (PI) e Índice de Sangrado Gingival (ISG). Se aplicó un cuestionario antes del primer paso y después del segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis. Los datos recolectados incluyeron: factores sociodemográficos, hábitos de tabaquismo, condición de exfumador, dolor y la Escala de Ansiedad Dental de Corah Modificada (MDAS). Resultados: 51 pacientes completaron el estudio, 19 hombres y 32 mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 46 ± 11,16 años. La mayoría de los participantes refirió haber terminado la enseñanza media (37,3%). En cuanto al hábito de fumado, el 46% de los participantes eran no fumadores. De los no fumadores, el 7,8% eran exfumadores. El dolor máximo del paciente en el último mes disminuyó después de completar el segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis (p=0,002). El diagnóstico periodontal más prevalente fue el Estadio III seguido del Estadio II. El PI medio fue del 61,4 % y el GBI medio fue del 39,5 %. El miedo al sonido de los instrumentos rotatorios y los raspadores ultrasónicos mejoró después del tratamiento periodontal. La AD se redujo en comparación con el valor inicial, según la puntuación total del MDAS y para todas las sub-puntuaciones del MDAS. Conclusión: la autopercepción de la AD mejoró en el trascurso del tratamiento periodontal en nuestro entorno clínico.