Pharmacotherapeutic Follow-Up and Pharmacovigilance on a Colombian Neurological and Pain Health Service Provider Institution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.v32n2a357710Keywords:
Pharmacotherapy follow-up, pharmacovigilance, pharmaceutical care, pharmacist intervention, pharmacistAbstract
BACKGROUND: Pharmacotherapy follow-up and pharmacovigilance are activities done exclusively by the community pharmacist, within the framework of pharmaceutical care. The first is patient-oriented and helps in the detection of drug-related negative medication outcomes – NMO (of necessity, effectiveness, or safety) and drug-related problems – DRP (availability, prescription, dispensing, administration, quality, or use), while the second is oriented to medications and their safety, by systematically evaluating Adverse Drug Reactions – ADRs and their causality. OBJECTIVE: To identify potential NMOs and DRPs associated with the use of medications in ambulatory patients through pharmacotherapeutic follow-up and pharmacovigilance activities. METHODS: Of the total number of patients for whom the medication was authorized, the minimum statistical sample (CI=95%, α=5%) was calculated for each drug, and a literature review was performed to determine the criteria for the evaluation of necessity, effectiveness, and safety. RESULTS: Patients showed good adherence to the evaluated drugs, being the lowest found of 72,4% for acetaminophen/hydrocodone. An incidence of DNO of 24,4% was found, being the nonquantitative lack of safety DNOs the most frequent (17,8%); the incidence of DRP was 22,6%, being the inappropriate use of the medication the most relevant (17,3%). Drug interactions found during the process were intervened with the patient or physician, as necessary. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacotherapy follow-up and pharmacovigilance are important activities, especially in outpatients, since it allows the identification and early intervention of DNO and DRP to avoid the detriment of the patient's health.
Downloads
References
Grupo de Investigación en Atención Farmacéutica, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacología, Fundación Pharmaceutical Care España, Sociedad Española de Farmacia Comunitaria. Tercer Consenso de Granada sobre Problemas Relacionados con Medicamentos (PRM) y Resultados Negativos asociados a la Medicación (RNM). Ars Pharm [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2023 Mar 9];48(1):5–17. Available from:
https://revistaseug.ugr.es/index.php/ars/article/view/4974/4781
Salazar-Ospina A, Carrascal V, Benjumea D, Amariles Muñoz P. Clinical pharmacy, pharmaceutical care: concepts, philosophy, professional practice and its application to the colombian context. Vitae. 2012;19(1):109–29.
Vilanova Amat L, Villagrasa Sebastián V. Análisis de los cambios en los perfiles clínicos de pacientes con sobrepeso producidos por un programa de seguimiento farmacéutico. El farmacéutico: profesión y cultura [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2025 May 5];(583):27–38. Available from: https://www.elfarmaceutico.es/uploads/s1/22/29/ef582-oficina-farmacia-analisis-indd.pdf
Cienfuegos Adrianzén EJ, Gonzales Corillo EA. Seguimiento farmacéutico de ansiolíticos y antidepresivos en un grupo de pacientes del hospital militar central, Lima [Grade Work]. [Lima,Perú]: Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega; 2018. 99 p.
Ullibarri N, Gastelurrutia MA, Erazo F, López-de-Ocariz M, Martiarena A, Diez B, et al. Programa de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico integral a pacientes crónicos y polimedicados. Programa Piloto en pacientes con Diabetes tipo 2. Resultados. Pharmaceutical Care España. 2022;24(5):35–65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60103/phc.v24i6.791
Bellver Monzó O, Moreno Royo L, Salar Ibáñez L. Prescripciones potencialmente inadecuadas en pacientes ancianos polimedicados. Intervención y seguimiento del farmacéutico comunitario. Farmacéuticos comunitarios. 2018;10(2):5–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5672/FC.2173-9218.(2018/Vol10).002.02
Gastelurrutia Garralda MA, Faus Dader MJ, MartínezMartínez F. Resultados negativos asociados a la medicación. Ars Pharmaceutica. 2016;57(2):89–92. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30827/ars.v57i2.4964
Parody Rua E, Montaño Holguin MA. Evaluación de resultados negativos de la medicación en el servicio de urgencias de un hospital, Cali, Colombia: Estudio transversal. Pharm Care Esp [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Mar 9];20(5):371-88. Available from: https://www.pharmcareesp.com/index.php/PharmaCARE/article/view/417
Ruiz de Adana Pérez R. Resultados negativos asociados a la medicación. Atención Primaria. 2012;44(3):135–7. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2011.11.008
Amariles Muñoz P. Seguimiento Farmacéutico de pacientes en el contexto del sistema de salud de Colombia. Rev Nuevos Tiempos.2002;10(2):92–113.
Amariles Muñoz P, Giraldo N. Método Dáder de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico a pacientes y Problemas Relacionados con la Utilización de Medicamentos en el contexto de Colombia. Seguim Farmacoter [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2023 Mar 9];1(3):99–104. Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/690/69010302.pdf
OPS. El papel del farmacéutico en el Sistema de Atención de Salud: Atención farmacéutica [Internet]. Tokio; 1993 [cited 2023 Mar 9]. Available from: https://www.forofarmaceutico.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/04/Documento-de-Tokio-1993.pdf
Foro de Atención Farmacéutica-Farmacia Comunitaria (Foro AFFC). Guía práctica para los Servicios Profesionales Farmacéuticos Asistenciales en la Farmacia Comunitaria [Internet]. Madrid; 2019 [cited 2023 Mar 9]. Available from: ttps://www.sefac.org/system/files/2021-2/AF_GUIA_SPFA_FORO_2021_ONLINE_PGs.pdf
Bonal J, Alerany C, Bassons T, Gascón P. Farmacia Clínica y Atención Farmacéutica. In: Bonal J, Dominguez-Gil AH, Gamundi Planas MC, Napal Lecumberri V, Valverde Molina E, editors. Farmacia Hospitalaria [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2023 Mar 9]. Chapter 2.1. Available from: https://www.sefh.es/bibliotecavirtual/fhtomo1/cap21.pdf
Calvo Hernáez B, Gastelurrutia Garralda MÁ, Urionagüena de la Iglesia A, Isla Ruiz A, Solinís Aspiazu MÁ, Rodríguez A del P. Oferta de servicios de atención farmacéutica: clave para un nuevo modelo de servicios de salud. Atención Primaria. 2022;54(1). DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2021.102198
Amariles Muñoz P, Hincapié García JA, Jiménez Estrada CM, Gutiérrez FJ, Giraldo Alzate NA. Farmacoseguridad: Farmacovigilancia y seguimiento farmacoterapéutico, first ed.; Medellín; 2011. 78p.
OMS. OMS Indicadores de farmacovigilancia: Un manual práctico para la evaluación de los sistemas de farmacovigilancia [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2025 May 19]. Available from: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/325851/9789243508252-spa.pdf?ua=1
INVIMA. Sistema de trámites en línea - Consultas Públicas. https://consultaregistro.invima.gov.co/Consultas/consultas/consreg_encabcum.jsp (accessed 2023 Mar 9).
Medscape. Hydrocodone/acetaminophen. https://reference.medscape.com/drug/vicodin-hydrocodoneacetaminophen-343374 (accessed 2023 Mar 9).
Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain. MMWR Recommendations and Reports [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2023 Mar 9];65(1):1–49. Available from:https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/rr/pdfs/rr6501e1.pdf
Del Arco J. Curso básico sobre dolor. Farmacia Profesional [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2023 Mar 9];29(1):36–43. Available from: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-farmacia-profesional-3-pdf-X0213932415727485
Medscape. Acetaminophen/caffeine. Available from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/excedrin-tension-headacheexcedrin-aspirin-free-acetaminophen-caffeine-999338 (accessed 2023 Mar 9)
Medscape. Entacapone/levodopa/carbidopa. Available from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/stalevo-entacaponelevodopa-carbidopa-43045 (accessed 2023 Mar 9)
AccessMedicina. Clozapina. Available from: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/data/AccessMedicina/Vidal/FT_N05AH02.html (accessed 2023 Mar 9)
Medscape. Clozapine. Available from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/clozaril-versacloz-clozapine-342972 (accessed 2023 Mar 9)
Guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico, tratamiento e inicio de la rehabilitación psicosocial de los adultos con esquizofrenia [Internet]. MinSalud Colombia; 2014 [cited 2023 Mar 9]. Report No.: 29. Available from: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/INEC/IETS/GPC-EsquizofreniaCompleta.pdf
Algoritmo de tratamiento de pacientes con esquizofrenia [Internet]. Bagó; 2018 [cited 2023 Mar 9]. (Guía del Neuroscience Education Institute sobre Esquizofrenia). Available from: https://www.siicsalud.com/pdf/algoritmo_esquizo_62819.pdf
Gómez Ayala AE. Farmacoterapia de la esquizofrenia. Farmacia Profesional Internet]. 2006 [cited 2023 Mar 9];20(9):73–8. Available from: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-farmaciaprofesional-3-pdf-13094212
Anexo 2. Algoritmos: Algoritmo de manejo de situaciones especiales del adulto con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Available from: https://encolombia.com/medicina/guiasmed/adultosesquizofrenia/manejo-ambulatorio/ (accessed 2023 Mar 9)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Milena ORTIZ-RENDÓN, Laura CARDONA-ALZATE
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice and Open Access Statement
The Journal Vitae works under the Open Access license, and the published manuscripts remain available for the public, both on the Journal's website and in databases, under the Creative Commons license, "Noncommercial Attribution" and "Share alike" systems, adopted in Colombia. Hence, when the authors agree to publish in the Journal Vitae, they will not have the right to economic retributions on publications and reproductions through different diffusion media. The documents are freely available to the internet public, permitting users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts and pass them as data to software. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be appropriately acknowledged and cited.
Authors declare that:
-
They are the intellectual property owners and are responsible for all the information stated in the article.
-
This manuscript has not been submitted or published in other printed or digital media. They accept the responsibility for the judgments, opinions, and points of view expressed in the published article and, therefore, they exonerate Universidad de Antioquia and Journal Vitae from any process.
-
They exempt Universidad de Antioquia and Journal Vitae from settling conflicts or disputes related to the authorship of the referred article.
-
They accept the revision of the original manuscript by suitable personnel, and they bind themselves to perform the corrections appointed or suggested by the assessors.
-
Therefore, they know the editorial process and will not bind the Editorial Board of the Journal to assume any obligations regarding the volume and issue in which the article is published.
-
They transfer the rights of publication, reprinting, and distribution of the article from the moment of its approval, in print and digital format, without the right to economic rewards, and under the licensing conditions considered relevant by Journal Vitae.
-
They fully authorize Universidad de Antioquia and Journal Vitae to submit the published material to the diverse databases and indexing systems where the Journal can be found to comply with the requirements of the regulatory authorities to maintain the national classification of journals.
-
They will assume the article publication costs established for the current issue, and they will make the payment as soon as they are informed about the volume and the issue in which the final version of the article is published.
-
After the article is published, you can share digital or printed copies in a noncommercial manner. You will be able to use the paper in your institution or company for educational or research purposes, including the use in course programs.
Conflict of interest: Authors are responsible for recognizing and disclosing any financial or other benefits that could be perceived to bias their work, acknowledging all financial support and any personal connections with potential sponsors. Examples of such conflicts include receiving research funds or honoraria, serving on advisory boards, stock ownership, or employment and consulting arrangements. Authors without such connections should clearly state that they have no financial support or personal relationships that could be perceived to bias their work. All conflicts of interest should be disclosed on the author's identification page of the manuscript.
