Procedimiento de optimización no lineal para la cuantificación del aporte de la energía eléctrica en el crecimiento económico colombiano, 1925-1997
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n93a341714Palabras clave:
Crecimiento económico, elasticidad de un factor, función de producción LINEX, procedimiento de ajuste no linealResumen
En este trabajo se incluye la energía eléctrica (E) como una tercera variable en la función de producción estándar Cobb-Douglas para determinar su participación en el PIB de Colombia y calcular su elasticidad asociada entre 1925 y 1997. Para tal efecto, se emplean el modelo LINEX y el algoritmo de optimización no lineal de Levenberg-Marquardt, bajo el supuesto de elasticidades de producción no negativas para ajustar la función de producción, corregida y basada en dicho modelo. El análisis se alimenta de las series de PIB, capital (K) y trabajo (L) que elaboró el GRECO para el Banco de la República, y también de una serie temporal de energía eléctrica (E) producida con el patrocinio de Colciencias. Los resultados calculados para las elasticidades asociadas permiten verificar que, en concordancia con los casos de estudio conocidos, la energía eléctrica ha tenido mayor peso en la estructura del PIB que los factores tradicionales. Se concluye que la condición de rendimientos constantes de la función de producción estándar no se aplica a ninguna economía conocida, sea esta de un país desarrollado o no.
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