Incentivos económicos para la conservación de áreas naturales: Una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n74a9997Palabras clave:
Conservación, biodiversidad, servicios ambientales, incentivos económicosResumen
La creciente evidencia del deterioro acelerado de los ecosistemas y la pérdida de biodiversidad han estimulado el diseño y la aplicación de estrategias de conservación basadas en los incentivos económicos. Dos argumentos justifican esta aproximación: i) la inalienabilidad de la propiedad privada, y ii) la eficiencia económica. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar, en términos de eficiencia económica y efectividad ambiental, los diversos instrumentos económicos utilizados para la conservación de áreas naturales. A partir de una revisión extensa de la literatura, se encuentra que la dificultad más importante es la incertidumbre del efecto que tienen los incentivos económicos sobre el tamaño y configuración espacial del área a conservar, y por lo tanto del tipo y cantidad de servicios ambientales ofrecidos.
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