Exercício terapêutico para aliviar a dor da hiperlaxidade ligamentar em gestantes: revisão da literatura
Palavras-chave:
dor pélvica, gravidez, exercício terapêutico, estabilização lombar, fisioterapia, hiperlaxidade ligamentarResumo
Embora a dor causada pela hiperlaxidade ligamentar, associada à influência da relaxina e de outros hormônios, afete a qualidade de vida de muitas mulheres durante a gravidez —um período de mudanças substanciais na fisiologia, na morfologia e nos sistemas hormonais—, não há informações suficientes disponíveis para abordá-la. O estudo examina a eficácia do exercício terapêutico na redução da dor lombar e pélvica e no tratamento de complicações associadas em mulheres grávidas. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas em bancos de dados como PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect e Scielo, com publicações entre 2018 e 2023. A equação de busca utilizada foi: Joint instability AND pregnancy AND pelvic girdle pain AND exercise. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, um total de 456 artigos foi incluído na revisão, dos quais 8 foram selecionados. A revisão da literatura destaca que a dor lombo-pélvica pós-parto é comum, está associada à fraqueza de determinados músculos e pode afetar a qualidade de vida da mãe, o cuidado com o bebê e as finanças da família. Destaca-se a estreita relação entre essa dor e a fraqueza dos músculos extensores do quadril, do assoalho pélvico e do transverso do abdome. Para melhorar a dor pós-parto e a qualidade de vida, são recomendados exercícios de estabilização e Pilates. Essa dor é o foco principal do tratamento e os exercícios terapêuticos ajudam a reduzi-la. Os mais importantes são os exercícios de estabilização lombar e os de fortalecimento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico, que reduzem significativamente a dor em mulheres grávidas.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Teresa Mercedes Chaverra Mena, Silvia Patricia Betancur Bedoya, Angie Estefanía Mesa Burbano
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