Effects of central stability training on physical performance in soccer players: systematic review with meta-analysis
Keywords:
agility, core stability training, training strategies, soccer players, physical performanceAbstract
Maintaining optimal levels of physical performance requires soccer players to utilize a variety of training strategies, including external loads, plyometrics, and speed sessions. Despite the importance of these practices, previous studies on the effects of core stability training (CST) on the physical performance of soccer players have yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this work is to determine the effects of core stability training on the physical performance of soccer players. A systematic search of PubMed, Bireme, Scopus, and WOS up to November 2023 was conducted according to the guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA standards. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, and in case of disagreement, a third reviewer resolved the discrepancy. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB2 scale, and publication bias was addressed using funnel plots and Egger regression. Quality was assessed using the SIGN and CONSORT checklists. Data were analyzed in RevMan-Web using fixed-effects meta-analysis, with heterogeneity assessed using I², chi², and Galbraith plots. Finally, certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. From 2984 records, 37 studies with 1174 soccer players aged 9 to 30 years were selected. Core stability training improved vertical jump by 1.66 cm (95 % CI: 0.53, 2.79) and improved agility tests such as the T-drill (-0.71 s [95 % CI: -1.27, -0.14]) and the Illinois (-0.56 s [95 % CI: -1.05, -0.06]). No significant improvements were observed in the 30 (-0.04 s [95 % CI: -0.14, 0.06]) and 20-meter sprint times (-0.05 s [95 % CI: -0.11, 0.01]). This meta-analysis is a landmark analysis of the effects of core stability training in soccer players, and its findings are consistent with previous studies in healthy adults and other athletes. Although the clinical significance is modest, it is important to remember that in sports, even small differences can make a difference. Sports physical therapists and athletic trainers can use core stability training to improve soccer players' physical performance in terms of jumping and agility, but not running speed.
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