Efeitos do treinamento de estabilidade central no desempenho físico de futebolistas: revisão sistemática com metanálise
Palavras-chave:
agilidade, treino de estabilidade central, estratégias de treinamento, futebolistas, desempenho físicoResumo
Para manterem níveis ideais de desempenho físico, os jogadores de futebol devem recorrer a várias estratégias de treino, como cargas externas, pliometria e treino de velocidade. Apesar da relevância destas práticas, estudos anteriores sobre o impacto do treino de estabilidade central (TEC) no desempenho físico dos jogadores de futebol apresentaram resultados contraditórios. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar os efeitos do treino de estabilidade central no desempenho físico dos futebolistas. Para esse efeito, foi realizada uma pesquisa sistemática de ensaios na PubMed, Bireme, Scopus e WOS até novembro de 2023, em conformidade com as diretrizes do Manual Cochrane e as normas PRISMA. Dois revisores selecionaram os estudos de forma independente e, em caso de desacordo, um terceiro intervindo resolveu a divergência. A escala ROB2 foi utilizada para avaliar o risco de viés, tendo o viés de publicação sido abordado recorrendo a gráficos de funil e à regressão de Egger. A qualidade foi avaliada com recurso às listas de verificação SIGN e CONSORT. Os dados foram analisados no RevMan-Web, recorrendo a uma metanálise de efeito fixo. A heterogeneidade foi avaliada com o I², o teste Chi² e gráficos de Galbraith. Por fim, a certeza da evidência foi determinada recorrendo à abordagem GRADE. Dos 2984 registos, foram selecionados 37 estudos que envolviam 1174 jogadores de futebol com idades entre os 9 e os 30 anos. O treino de estabilidade central melhorou o salto vertical em 1,66 cm (IC 95 %: 0,53, 2,79) e melhorou os testes de agilidade, como o T-drill (-0,71 s [IC 95 %: -1,27, -0,14]) e o Illinois (-0,56 s [IC 95 %: -1,05, -0,06]). Não foram observadas melhorias significativas nos tempos de sprint de 30 (-0,04 s [IC 95 %: -0,14, 0,06]) e 20 m (-0,05 s [IC 95 %: -0,11, 0,01]). Essa metanálise é a primeira a examinar os efeitos do treinamento de estabilidade central em futebolistas, e seus resultados são consistentes com estudos anteriores realizados com adultos saudáveis e outros atletas. Embora o significado clínico seja modesto, é crucial considerar que, no esporte, até mesmo as pequenas diferenças podem ser decisivas. Os fisioterapeutas esportivos e preparadores físicos podem usar o treinamento de estabilidade central para melhorar o desempenho físico dos futebolistas em termos de salto e agilidade, mas não a velocidade de corrida.
Downloads
Referências
1. Afyon, Y. A. (2014a). Effect of Core Training on 16-Year-Old Soccer Players. Educational Research and Reviews, 9(23), 1275-1279. https://academicjournals.org/article/article1418138959_Afyon.pdf
2. Afyon, Y. A. (2014b). The Effect of Core and Plyometric Exercises on Soccer Players. Anthropologist, 18(3), 927-932. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281202891_The_Effect_of_Core_and_Plyometric_Exercises_on_Soccer_Players
3. Afyon, Y. A. (2019). The Effect of Core Training on Some Motoric Features Of University Footballers. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(3), 79. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i3.3885
4. Afyon, Y. A., Mulazimoglu, O., y Boyaci, A. (2017). The Effects of Core Trainings on Speed and Agility Skills of Soccer Players. International Journal of Sports Science, 7(6), 239-244. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.sports.20170706.06.html
5. Aguayo-Albasini, J. L., Flores-Pastor, B., y Soria-Aledo, V. (2014). GRADE System: Classification of Quality of Evidence and Strength of Recommendation. Cirugía Española, 92(2), 82-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cireng.2013.08.002
6. Alemayehu, M. G., Mossa, M. E., y Molla, G. G. (2021). Effects of Core Strength Training on Selected Skill Related Fitness Components of Dessie Town U-17 Soccer Trainees, in South Wollo Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. International Journal of Sports, Exercise and Physical Education, 2(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.33545/26647281.2020.v2.i1a.20
7. Ardern, C. L., Büttner, F., Andrade, R., Weir, A., Ashe, M. C., Holden, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., Delahunt, E., Dijkstra, H. P., Mathieson, S., Rathleff, M. S., Reurink, G., Sherrington, C., Stamatakis, E., Vicenzino, B., Whittaker, J. L., Wright, A. A., Clarke, M., Moher, D., … Winters, M. (2022). Implementing the 27 PRISMA 2020 Statement Items for Systematic Reviews in the Sport and Exercise Medicine, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation and Sports Science Fields: The PERSiST (Implementing Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation, Sport Medicine and SporTs Science) Guidance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 56(4), 175-195. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-103987
8. Arslan, E., Soylu, Y., Clemente, F., Hazir, T., Kin Isler, A., y Kilit, B. (2021). Short-Term Effects of On-Field Combined Core Strength and Small-Sided Games Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players. Biology of Sport, 38(4), 609-616. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.102865
9. Aslan, A. K., Erkmen, N., Aktaş, S., y Güven, F. (2018). Postural Control and Functional Performance after Core Training in Young Soccer Players. Malaysian Journal of Movement Health & Exercise, 7(2), 23-38. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326184899_Postural_control_and_functional_performance_after_core_training_in_young_soccer_players
10. Atlı, A. (2021). The Effect of a Core Training Program Applied on Football Players on Some Performance Parameters. Journal of Educational Issues, 7(1), 337-350. https://doi.org/10.5296/jei.v7i1.18493
11. Başkaya, G., Ünveren, A., y Karaveli̇oğlu, M. B. (2023). The Effect of Static and Dynamic Core Exercises on Motor Performance and Football-Specific Skills of Football Players Aged 10-12. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 28(1), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1148408
12. Bayrakdar, A., Boz, H. K., y Işildar, Ö. (2020). The Investigation of the Effect of Static and Dynamic Core Training on Performance on Football Players. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22(1), 87-95. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341030736_The_Investigation_Of_The_Effect_Of_Static_And_Dynamic_Core_Training_On_Performance_On_Football_Players
13. Belli, G., Marini, S., Mauro, M., Maietta Latessa, P., y Toselli, S. (2022). Effects of Eight-Week Circuit Training with Core Exercises on Performance in Adult Male Soccer Players. European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, 12(9), 1244-1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12090086
14. Boyacı, A., y Afyon, Y. A. (2017). The Effect of the Core Training to Physical Performance in Children. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(33), 81-88. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347266532_The_Effect_of_the_Core_Training_to_Physical_Performances_in_Children
15. Caicedo Leguizamón D. A., y Gamboa A. S. (2022). Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento de estabilidad y fuerza en el core sobre la potencia de remate en futbolistas de categorías sub-15 y sub-17 [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales de Colombia]. https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/5000
16. Cuschieri, S. (2019). The CONSORT Statement. Saudi Journal of Anesthesia, 13(5), s27-s30. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_559_18
17. D’souza, C. J., Santhakumar, H., Bhandary, B., y Rokaya, A. (2022). Immediate Effect of Stabilization Exercises versus Conventional Exercises of the Trunk on Dynamic Balance among Trained Soccer Players. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 42(1), 23-30. https://doi.org/10.1142/s1013702522500032
18. Dafkou, K., Sahinis, C., Ellinoudis, A., y Kellis, E. (2021). Is the Integration of Additional Eccentric, Balance and Core Muscles Exercises into a Typical Soccer Program Effective in Improving Strength and Postural Stability? Sports, 9(11), 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9110147
19. Dello Iacono, A., Padulo, J., y Ayalon, M. (2016). Core Stability Training on Lower Limb Balance Strength. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(7), 671-678. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1068437
20. Doğanay, M., Bingül, B. M., y Álvarez-García, C. (2020). Effect of Core Training on Speed, Quickness and Agility in Young Male Football Players. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 60(9), 1240-1246. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10999-x
21. Filipa, A., Byrnes, R., Paterno, M. V., Myer, G. D., & Hewett, T. E. (2010). Neuromuscular Training Improves Performance on the Star Excursion Balance Test in Young Female Athletes. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 40(9), 551-558. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3325
22. Genç, H., y Ciğerci, A. E. (2020). The Effect of the Core Exercises on Body Composition, Selected Strength, and Performance Skills in Child Soccer Players. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 9, 101-108. https://lida.sport-iat.de/nwls/Record/4062386
23. He, Y. (2022). Core Strength Training on Physical Conditioning of College Male Soccer Players. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 28(5), 501-504. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202228052022_0063
24. Higgins, J. P. T., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., y Welch, V. A. (2019). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119536604
25. Hoshikawa, Y., Iida, T., Muramatsu, M., Ii, N., Nakajima, Y., Chumank, K., y Kanehisa, H. (2013). Effects of Stabilization Training on Trunk Muscularity and Physical Performances in Youth Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3142-3149. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31828bed36
26. Iacono, D., Martone, A., Alfieri, D., Alayon, A., y Buono, M. (2014). Core Stability Training Program (CSTP) Effects on Static and Dynamic Balance Abilities. Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, 173(4), 197-206. https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/gazzetta-medica-italiana/article.php?cod=R22Y2014N04A0197
27. Kachanathu, S., Tyagi, P., Anand, P., Hameed, U., y Algarni, A. (2014). Effect of Core Stabilization Training on Dynamic Balance in Professional Soccer Players. Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin, 24(6), 299-304. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1382060
28. Kaziūnas, G., y Zachovajevienė, B. (2020). Propriorecepcijos ir liemens stabilumo pratimų poveikis jaunųjų futbolininkų pusiausvyrai. Reabilitacijos Mokslai: Slauga, Kineziterapija, Ergoterapija, 2(21). https://doi.org/10.33607/rmske.v2i21.828
29. Kaziūnas, G., y Zachovajevienė, B. (2020). The Effect of Proprioception and Core Stability Exercises on the Balance of Young Football Players. Reabilitacijos mokslai: slauga, kineziterapija, ergoterapija, 2(21), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.33607/rmske.v2i21.828
30. Liu, X., Liao, L., y Zhou, S. (2023). Dedicated Training of Explosive Strength in the Abdominal Core of Soccer Players. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 29, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0327
31. Mossa, M. E. (2022). The Effect of Core Strength Training on 14-Year-Old Soccer Players Agility, Anaerobic Power, and Speed. American Journal of Sports Science, 10(1), 24-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20221001.14
32. Ouzzani, M., Hammady, H., Fedorowicz, Z., y Elmagarmid, A. (2016). Rayyan: A Web and Mobile App for Systematic Reviews. Systematic Reviews, 5, 210. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
33. Ozaslan, A. (2019). The Relationship between Core Exercise and Balance in Footballers. Gnosi: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Human Theory and Praxis, 2(2), 78-86. https://gnosijournal.com/index.php/gnosi/article/view/58
34. Panagoulis, C., Chatzinikolaou, A., Avloniti, A., Leontsini, D., Deli, C. K., Draganidis, D., Stampoulis, T., Oikonomou, T., Papanikolaou, K., Rafailakis, L., Kambas, A., Jamurtas, A. Z., y Fatouros, I. G. (2020). In-Season Integrative Neuromuscular Strength Training Improves Performance of Early-Adolescent Soccer Athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(2), 516-526. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000002938
35. Sterne, J. A. C., Savović, J., Page, M. J., Elbers, R. G., Blencowe, N. S., Boutron, I., Cates, C. J., Cheng, H.-Y., Corbett, M. S., Eldridge, S. M., Emberson, J. R., Hernán, M. A., Hopewell, S., Hróbjartsson, A., Junqueira, D. R., Jüni, P., Kirkham, J. J., Lasserson, T., Li, T., … Higgins, J. P. T. (2019). RoB 2: A Revised Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials. BMJ, 366, l4898. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4898
36. Taskin, C. (2016). Effect of Core Training Program on Physical Functional Performance in Female Soccer Players. International Education Studies, 9(5), 115-123. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n5p115
37. Tiew, K. A., y Wee, E. H. (2019). Effects of Six Weeks Swiss Ball Training on Balance and Agility of College Soccer Players. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 29(S3), 99-119. http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjssh/browse/special-issue?article=JSSH(S)-1334-20
38. Türkmen, M., Genç, H., y Ciğerci, A. E. (2022). Investigation of Different Training Methods Integrated into Soccer Training on Body Composition and Athletic Performance. Physical Education of Students, 26(6), 288-295. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2022.0603
39. Turna, B. (2020). The Effects of 6-Week Core Training on Selected Biomotor Abilities in Soccer Players. Journal of Education and Learning, 9(1), 99-109. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v9n1p99
40. Xing, Y. (2023). Repercussions of Core Strength Training on Soccer Players’ Performance. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 29, e2022. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0297
41. Yapici, A. (2016). Investigation of the Effects of Teaching Core Exercises on Young Soccer Players. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(16), 9410-9421. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1118912.pdf
42. Yildizer, G., y Kirazci, S. (2017). Effects of Core Stability on Junior Male Soccer Players’balance: Randomized Control Trial. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 8(1), 48-62. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312596334_Effects_of_core_stability_on_junior_male_soccer_players%27_balance_randomized_control_trial
43. Yılmaz, A. K., Kabadayı, M., Bostancı, Ö., Yılmaz, C., y Mayda, M. H. (2020). Influence of Core Strength Training on Peak Muscle Torque of Quadriceps and Hamstring in Young Soccer Players. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 26(3), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.26.3.48-59
44. Zhou, G., Zhou, M., y He, C. (2022). Core Muscle Strength Training of Young Soccer Players. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 28(6), 643-646. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202228062022_0109
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Sebastián Rodríguez-Jaime, Edgar Debray Hernández-Álvarez, Catalina León-Prieto
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
