Explorando los mecanismos de invasión celular de Plasmodium Vivax a través del sistema de grupo sanguíneo Duffy

Laura Valentina Mendez Ospina; Laura Viviana Peña Peña; Verónica Angel Peña

doi:10.17533/udea.hm.v15n2a03

Autores/as

Laura Valentina Mendez Ospina Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1696-0547
Laura Viviana Peña Peña Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1501-5209
Verónica Angel Peña Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1615-3348

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.hm.v15n2a03

Palabras clave:

DARC, Malaria, Plasmodium vivax, PvDBP, PvEBP, Sistema de grupo sanguíneo Duffy

Resumen

Introducción: La malaria por P. vivax representa un grave problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, especialmente en regiones tropicales. Se creía que la ausencia del antígeno Duffy protegía contra esta infección. Sin embargo, estudios han demostrado que P. vivax puede infectar a individuos Duffy negativos, sugiriendo mecanismos de invasión alternativos. Objetivo: Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender los mecanismos de invasión que P. vivax utiliza para infectar eritrocitos en individuos Duffy positivos, así como explorar las posibles vías de infección en individuos Duffy negativos. Metodología: Búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS y Google Scholar, publicaciones entre los años 2009 al 2024, en idiomas español e inglés, empleando los siguientes términos: DARC, malaria, P. vivax, PvEBP, PvDBP y sistema de grupo sanguíneo Duffy. Resultados: La invasión por P. vivax se ha vinculado principalmente a la interacción entre la proteína PvDBP y DARC. Sin embargo, el creciente reporte de infecciones en individuos Duffy-negativos ha llevado al estudio de posibles rutas alternativas. Entre las hipótesis planteadas se incluyen la duplicación del gen PvDBP, la interacción entre TfR1 y PvRBP2b, y el PvEBP como ligando alternativo, debido a sus similitudes estructurales con PvDBP. Conclusión: La comprensión de los mecanismos de invasión de P. vivax en eritrocitos es importante para el desarrollo a futuro de terapias innovadoras y estrategias de control. La identificación de rutas alternativas, especialmente en individuos Duffy-negativos, destaca la necesidad de explorar nuevos blancos terapéuticos para interrumpir el ciclo sanguíneo del parásito y avanzar en su eliminación.

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