Incidencia de los problemas financieros en los racionamientos de energía eléctrica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n19a8020Abstract
• Resumen: La crisis financiera crónica del sector eléctrico colombiano tiene su origen en la brecha creciente que se ha creado entre requerimientos de fondos para inversión y para atender el servicio de deuda contraída en el pasado y la disponibilidad de recursos con tales fines, fruto de la insuficiente capitalización de las empresas del Sector y de las dificultades para conseguir y hacer efectivos los créditos nacionales e internacionales requeridos para satisfacer una elevada tasa de crecimiento de la demanda de energía eléctrica. El análisis de los problemas financieros del Sector Eléctrico -capitalización insuficiente, alto nivel de endeudamiento externo e interno, política de tarifas subsidiadas, crecimiento acelerado del servicio de la deuda, requerimientos elevados de inversión, etc.- muestra su gran incidencia en el desarrollo de los programas de expansión, precipitando periódicamente racionamiento de energía eléctrica. La conclusión a que conduce este análisis es que; dada la difícil situación financiera actual de este Sector, su déficit tendría necesariamente qué resolverse mediante racionamientos programados de energía eléctrica en los próximos años.
• Abstract: The chronic financial crisis of the Colombia electricity generating sector arises from the growing gap between the need for funds for investment and debt servicing, and the availability of resources for such ends. The insufficiency of funds arises from inadequate capitalization and from an inability to secure effective access to credit on both local and foreign markets. The analysis of the financial problems of the sector -inadequate capitalization, a high level of both internal and external debt, the need for more investment, etc.- has a powerful influence on the plans for expansion, -periodically precipitating electricity rationing. This analysis concludes that given the present financial problems of the sector further rationing programs will be required over the next few years.
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