Algunos desarrollos recientes en la metodología de la econometría aplicada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n19a8081Abstract
• Resumen: Debido a diversos factores o prejuicios que afectan el trabajo econométrico de la mayoría de los economistas, usualmente se siguen secuencias ad-hoc para la construcción de modelos. Esto es, se prueba una serie de ecuaciones que comienza con una forma funcional simple a la cual se le introducen o eliminan otras variables con base en criterios exclusivamente estadísticos (significancia, bondad de ajuste, etc.). En los últimos años, algunos autores han considerado que tales procedimientos pueden conducir a conclusiones espurias. Proponen como alternativa iniciar la serie de pruebas con base en un modelo lo más general posible (que incluya o "encajone" las diferentes hipótesis teóricas) y posteriormente investigue qué tanto puede simplificarse dicho modelo, siguiendo procedimientos legítimos. En este artículo se utiliza el caso de la demanda de dinero en el Reino Unido para realizar un ejercicio que muestra las bondades del método propuesto.
• Abstract: For a variety of reasons economists tend to construct their econometric models in ad-hoc ways. They start with a simple specification of a series of equations and add or subtract variables on the basis of exclusively statistical criteria. In recent years it has been realized that such an approach can easily produce spurious results. It is now preferred to commence one's analysis with as general a specification of the model as possible which nests possible alternatives. One then can legitimately compare the original specification with the various nested forms. This paper uses the case of the demand for money in the United Kingdom as an example of the method.
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