Effects of strength training on quality of life and perceived well-being in older people: a mixed study

Abstract

Regular physical activity is essential for healthy aging because it helps prevent chronic disease and improves physical and mental well-being. Several studies have shown that exercise programs for older adults improve functional fitness, gait, and muscle strength. They also lower body mass index and reduce the incidence of mental health conditions such as depression and dementia, contributing to improved quality of life and overall well-being. This study evaluated the effect of strength training on the quality of life and perception of well-being of older people living in a district in Bogotá. A mixed sequential explanatory design study was conducted with 30 women between the ages of 60 and 80. Participants completed an eight-week resistance training program with three weekly sessions of one hour each. The SF-36 health questionnaire was used to assess quality of life, and the focus group technique was used to assess perceptions of well-being. The results showed increased scores in all eight dimensions of quality of life: physical function, physical role, physical pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional role, and mental health. Regarding perceived well-being, two theoretical categories were identified: emotional well-being and functional status related to quality of life. Participants reported improvements in autonomy, self-perception, motivation, spirituality, emotionality, and psychosocial learning. They also perceived improvements in their health and interactions with peers and family, and felt more included in their daily activities. In conclusion, strength training improves health-related quality of life and overall well-being in older adults. An outstanding result of this research was the implementation of a permanent physical activity program in the community, led by interns from the Bachelor of Physical Education program at the Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios. This program not only strengthens the social projection of the university, but also contributes to the human development of the surrounding communities