Evolución del Comercio Intraindustrial entre las regiones colombianas y la Comunidad Andina 1990-2004: un análisis comparativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n66a2601Abstract
Este artículo busca medir y comparar los niveles de Comercio Intraindustrial (CII) de Colombia y sus principales regiones económicas con la Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN). Se encuentra que estudios anteriores, por sesgos geográficos y de agregación, han sobreestimado dicho comercio. La naturaleza del CII es en proporción dominante vertical, donde Colombia muestra una tendencia a producir las variedades de mayor calidad. Desde lo regional, los departamentos “centro” de cada región explican la mayor parte de la composición sectorial de los flujos significativos de CII con la CAN, poniendo en evidencia su relación con el nivel de desarrollo industrial, por encima de otros determinantes tales como la proximidad geográfica.
Palabras Clave: comercio intraindustrial, Comunidad Andina, comercio internacional, regiones económicas. Clasificación JEL: F10, F14.
Abstract:
This paper measures and compares the Intraindustry Trade (IIT) levels between Colombia and its main economic regions with the Andean Community (AC). It finds that this trade has been overestimated in previous studies due to geographical and aggregation biases. The nature of IIT is predominantly vertical, where Colombia is found to produce higher quality varieties. As for the regions, the “center” provinces of each region explain the largest part of the sector composition of the most significant IIT flows with the AC. This result evidences the strong relationship between IIT and regional development, which is found to be more relevant than other factors such as geographical proximity.
Keywords: intraindustry trade, Andean Community, regional economics, international trade. JEL classification: F10, F14.
Résumé:
Cet article mesure et compare les différents niveaux de Commerce Intra- Industriel (CII) des principales régions économiques de Colombie avec la Communauté Andine des Nations (CAN). On montre que des études précédentes ont surestimée ces niveaux de commerce, dus à des problèmes dans la classification géographique et des méthodes d’agrégation. La caractéristique du CII est en proportion à dominante verticale. Les résultats pour la Colombie montrent une tendance à produire les marchandises de meilleure qualité. Du point de vue des régions, les Départements considérés comme de « référence » à l’intérieur de chaque région, concentrent la plus grande partie de la composition sectorielle des flux du CII avec la CAN. La composition sectorielle est l’un des déterminants important du niveau de développement industriel, par-dessus d’autres déterminants telle que la proximité géographique.
Mots clés: commerce intra-industriel, Communauté Andine, commerce international, régions économiques. Classification JEL: F10, F14.
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