Industrialización y desarrollo: la crisis de los paradigmas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n25-26a7760Abstract
• Resumen: La industrialización y el desarrollo del Tercer Mundo constituyen, desde hace cuarenta años, un centro de interés del análisis económico. Sobre el particular predominaron, hasta hace poco tiempo, dos corrientes de pensamiento: para unos, el subdesarrollo era la expresión de un simple retardo; para los otros, era el producto histórico de la industrialización y del desarrollo de los países capitalistas avanzados. Pero en los últimos años las certezas se han debilitado y los cambios que han ocurrido en el Tercer Mundo dejan mal situada la simplicidad de las clasificaciones.
Los esquemas tradicionales, liberales o radicales, se ajustan difícilmente a la realidad actual en la que están presentes, entre otros fenómenos, los nuevos países industriales; frente a la rigidez de los modelos es necesario revisar los criterios y las condiciones del desarrollo en un plano de modestia, realismo y análisis específicos.
• Abstract: Third World industrialization and development have been a focus of attention for economic analysis. In relation to these topics two approaches have been predominant.
To some analysts, underdevelopment was a result of backwardness; to others, it was a historical product of industrialization and development of most advanced capitalist countries. In recent years those certainties have lost credibility and Third World last realities situate in bad shape the simplicity of previous classifications.
Traditional schemes, liberal or radical, hardly adjust to the present realities, in which appear, with other phenomena, the new industrial states. In considering the inflexibility of the models, it is quite necessary to reexamine the criteria and development conditions on a basis of modesty, realism and specific analysis.
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