Misiones de empleo en Colombia: una visión comparativa (Misión OIT, 1970-Misión Chenery, 1986)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n25-26a7765Abstract
• Resumen: En este articulo se examinan los planteamientos (diagnóstico, modelos y pronósticos), que sobre el problema del empleo en Colombia, elaboraron la Misión de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo –OIT- en 1970 y la Misión Chenery en 1986. Para la primera, la idea central era que el problema del desempleo radicaba en una incapacidad estructural de la economía para generar los empleos que el crecimiento de la población económicamente activa urbana exigía. Así mismo incluía en su análisis no sólo el desempleo abierto sino también el subempleo y el fenómeno de los bajos ingresos.
La misión Chenery, por su parte, hace mayor énfasis en el desempleo coyuntural: nivel y ritmo de la actividad económica. Por lo mismo, las propuestas de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo –OIT- apuntan a una transformación de la estructura económica, no así las de la Misión Chenery a pesar de que hay coincidencia en algunas de las políticas que ambas proponen.
Finalmente se reconoce que los programas de la OIT no se aplicaron rigurosamente, esto es, que a partir de su informe no se desarrolló una política continua de empleo.
• Abstract: This article examines the proposals (diagnosis, models and forecasts analyzed by the OIT Mission in 1970 and the Chenery Mission in 1986, concerning the employment problem, in Colombia.
The former’s main idea is that the employment problem has in the economy's structural incapacity to supply the jobs required by the growth of the economically active urban population. Likewise, its analysis not only included open unemployment but also underemployment and the phenomena of low incomes.
The Chenery Mission, on the other hand, emphasizes on the current unemployment situation explained in terms of the level and rhythm of economic activity. Consequently, despite the agreement in some of the proposals recommended by both Missions, the OIT proposal aim towards a structural transformation of the economy, while the Chenery Mission’s recommendations have other orientations.
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