Evaluación de la gestión privada del servicio público educativo en Medellín
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n66a2603Abstract
La alcaldía de Medellín emprendió en 2002 un programa de cobertura educativa dirigido a jóvenes en edad escolar en lugares donde la oferta escolar pública era reducida. El programa consistió en dar en concesión colegios de propiedad estatal a entidades educativas privadas. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el impacto del programa de concesión en dos frentes, el desempeño académico, la deserción y la reprobación de los alumnos. La evaluación se hace comparando individuos, en colegios en concesión, quienes son muy parecidos a aquellos que atendieron colegios públicos. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes en colegios en concesión han tenido un desempeño inferior a sus pares en colegios públicos, así como mayores tasas de deserción y reprobación.
Palabras clave: concesión, emparejamiento, contrafactual, grupo de tratamiento y control, propensity score. Clasificación JEL: C14, C21, I20.
Abstract:
In 2002 the local government of Medellin started a program for school-age children who were not covered by the educational public system. The program, called Concession Schools, was designed to provide private educational management by means of public resources where public supply was reduced. In this paper we are interested in investigating the impact of this program on academic performance, dropout, and pass rates. To this aim we match individuals at concession schools with those at public ones by computing the probability of attending concession institutions. In spite of the good reputation for Concession Programs, we found that students at concession schools had a lower performance than their peers at public schools, as well as higher dropout and lower pass rates.
Keywords: concession, matching counterfactual, treatment and control groups, propensity score. JEL classification: C14, C21, I20.
Résumé:
La Mairie de Medellin a entrepris pendant l’année 2002 un programme de couverture éducative adressée aux jeunes en âge scolaire dans les arrondissements mal desservies par l’éducation publique. Le programme donne en concession à certaines institutions éducatives privées les établissements scolaires publics. L’objectif de cet article consiste à évaluer l’impacte de ce programme en ce qui concerne la performance académique, la désertion scolaire et redoublement des élèves. L’évaluation présente une comparaison entre les individus des établissements gérés par le secteur privé et ceux d’établissements publics. On montre que les étudiants des établissements gérés par le privé ont eu une performance inferieur à ceux des établissements publics ainsi qu’un taux plus élevé de désertion scolaire et de redoublement.
Mots clés: concession, contrefactuel, groupe de traitement et de contrôle, propensity score. Classification JEL: C14, C21, I20.
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