¿Por qué no ovulan los primeros folículos dominantes de las vacas cebú posparto en el trópico colombiano?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324001Keywords:
anovulación, factor de crecimiento insulinoide tipo I, leptinaAbstract
ResumenLa eficiencia en la producción bovina depende de la salud reproductiva del hato. La reactivación ovárica posparto está determinada principalmente por el amamantamiento, el balance energético reflejado en condición corporal y la interacción vaca-ternero. Mejorar las condiciones de manejo, ya sea restableciendo el balance energético y reduciendo el estímulo de amamantamiento, puede resultar una primera ovulación posparto para algunas vacas. Sin embargo, algunos animales no responden a estas condiciones, lo que probablemente indica aspectos individuales de la dinámica folicular. Los factores de crecimiento y otras hormonas circulantes actúan en diferentes niveles, local y central, lo cual puede ser determinante en la individualidad de la respuesta. La hormona adiposa, leptina, es un importante presentador de la condición corporal, del estado energético y reproductivo del animal. De la misma manera, el factor de crecimiento insulinoide, IGF, es bien conocido por su papel en el sistema reproductivo a nivel del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-gónadas. La interacción entre estos dos sistemas, leptina e IGF, es el objetivo de esta revisión para contribuir al entendimiento de la interfase nutrición-reproducción como causa principal de la anovulación posparto en ganado cebú.
SummaryThe efficiency of meat bovine production is strongly related to the reproductive capacity. The pospartum ovarian ciclicity is mainly influenced by suckling, energy balance (body condition) and cow-calf interaction. Restoring the energy homeostasis and reducing the suckling stimulus, could result in ovulation for some animals. However, cows that do not respond to these practices, are probably showing the individuality of follicular dynamics. Circulating growth factors and other hormones acting both at central and local level, can be determining this individuality. The adipose hormone, leptin, is an important link between body condition, energy balance and reproductivestatus of the animal. Similary, IGF factors are well known to excerce important effects on reproductive system at the hypothalamus-hypophisis-gonadal axis. The interaction between those two systems, leptin and IGF-I, is the focus of this review in order to contribute to the understanding of the nutrition-reproduction interface as main cause of the anovulation postpartum in zebu cattle.
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