Interacciones entre el balance nutricional, los indicadores del metabolismo energético y proteico y las concentraciones plasmáticas de Insulina, e IGF-1 en vacas en lactancia temprana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.323880Resumo
Resumen
Con el fin de evaluar la influencia del balance nutricional sobre los indicadores del metabolismo energético y proteico y sobre la generación de insulina y del factor 1 insulinoide de crecimiento (IGF-1), se utilizaron 10 vacas Holstein, las cuales se muestrearon el día 12 preparto y los días 12, 24, 35 y 100 posparto (días en lactancia, DEL) para determinar los balance de energía neta de lactancia (ENL), proteína cruda (PC), proteína degradable en rumen (PDR) y proteína no degradable en rumen (PNDR), así como los cambios de peso. Adicionalmente se determinaron las concentraciones plasmáticas de urea (BUN), glucosa, colesterol total, amonio, ß-OH butirato, ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE), insulina, IGF-1 y la actividad glutamato oxaloacetato transaminasa (AST). ENL y PC fueron positivos para el muestreo preparto. En el día 12 posparto ENL y PC fueron negativos, al día 35 posparto los valores de PC fueron cero o superiores mientras que para ENL solo se observaron valores positivos al día 100 posparto. Los DEL se relacionaron positivamente con ENL y PC. La producción de leche se relacionó negativamente con ENL, PC, PDR, PNDR. Los valores de glicemia e IGF-1 fueron significativamente más bajos en el posparto. Los valores promedio de cambio de peso, ß-OH butirato, BUN, amonio e insulina plasmáticos no presentaron variaciones significativas entre periodos. Los valores de AST fueron significativamente más bajos en el preparto que en el posparto. Los valores más bajos de AGNE correspondieron en su orden al muestreo correspondiente al día 100 posparto y al muestreo preparto, coincidiendo con balances energéticos positivos. Se encontraron relaciones positivas entre colesterol y DEL, ENL, PC, PDR, PNDR; entre colesterol y glicemia; entre BUN y colesterol; entre glicemia y DEL. Se encontraron relaciones negativas entre la producción de leche y la insulina plasmática; entre ENL y AGNE; entre BUN y AST.
Palabras clave: metabolismo, metabolitos sanguíneos, transición.
Summary
In order to assess the nutritional balance influence on the indicators of energetic and protein metabolism as well as its effects on the generation of insulin and the insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF- 1), ten Holstein cows were used to obtain samples on the 12th prepartum day and on the 12th, 24th, 35th and 100th postpartum days (lactation days, DEL) to determinate the balances of lactation net energy (ENL), crude protein (PC), degradable rumen protein (PDR) and non degradable rumen protein (PNDR), as well as any weight changes. Samples were also tested to determinate the concentrations of plasmatic urea (BUN), glucose, total cholesterol, ammonia, ß-OH butyrate, non-esterified fatty acids (AGNE), insulin, IGF-1, and the transaminase oxaloacetate glutamate activity (AST). ENL and PC were found to be positive in the prepartum sampling. On the 12th postpartum day, ENL and PC were negative. On the 35th postpartum day, the PC values were 0 or above. In contrast, ENL returned positive values only until the 100th postpartum day. DEL showed positive correlations with ENL and PC. Milk production, however, showed negative correlations with ENL, PC, PDR and PNDR. Glycemia and IGF-1 values were significantly lower during the pospartum period. The average values of weight changes, ß-OH butyrate, BUN, ammonia, and plasmatic insulin did not show any significant variations between periods. The AST values were significantly lower prepartum than pospartum. The lowest AGNE values were obtained prepartum and in the 100th pospartum day. These had a direct correlation with the positive energetic balances. Similarly, positive relations were found between cholesterol and DEL, ENL, PC, PDR, and PDNR; between cholesterol and glycemia; between BUN and cholesterol; between glycemia and DEL. Nevertheless, negative relations were found between milk production and plasmatic insulin, as well as between ENL and AGNE, and BUN and AST.
Key words: blood metabolites, dairy cattle, metabolism, transition.
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