Melhoramento genetico de gado bovino na Colômbia, uma realidade o uma aspiração? Revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v38n2a1Palavras-chave:
Criação de animais, fenótipo, gado, genética quantitativa, melhoramento genético, progresso genético, seleção, utilidade económica, valores genéticos, variabilidade genéticaResumo
Antecedentes: Para desenvolver um programa de melhoramento genético animal, é preciso definir objetivos de melhoramento, possuir sistemas de informação ótimos, realizar estimativas dos componentes de variância e a análise genética correspondente, além de estimar índices de seleção, progresso genético esperado e variabilidade genética. Objetivo: identificar debilidades e fortalezas no desenho e implementação de programas de melhoramento genético para gado bovino na Colômbia, fazendo uma revisão dos avanços científicos e acadêmicos obtidos através da pesquisa nesta disciplina no país. Conclusão: O principal problema encontrado foi a ausência de objetivos de melhoramento feitos em conjunto entre produtores e pesquisadores. Além disso, é preciso, no curto prazo, melhorar tanto a qualidade como a quantidade da informação disponível nos bancos de dados. Finalmente, é necessário realizar análises econômicas que considerem o componente genético, com o objetivo de otimizar a resposta à seleção genética, levando em conta as diferenças dos sistemas produtivos e da oferta ambiental que a Colômbia possui.
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