Péptidos antimicrobianos de plantas como mecanismos de defensa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.acbi.329395Palavras-chave:
péptidos antimicrobianos, antifúngico, antibacterial, planta, defensinas, tioninas, hongos, inmunidad innata, AMPResumo
En el curso de las pasadas décadas numerosos péptidos que ocasionan lisis de membranas se han aislado de insectos, anfibios, hongos, bacterias, mamíferos y plantas. El principal grupo de péptidos antimicrobianos encontrado en plantas lo constituyen las tioninas, defensinas y proteínas de transferencia de lipidos. Estos péptidos se encuentran en la mayoría, sino en todas las especies de plantas y hasta donde se conoce contienen un número par de cisteinas (4, 6 u 8), las cuales están formando puentes disulfuro, lo que le provee alta estabilidad. Por esta razón los péptidos antimicrobianos son excelentes candidatos para diseñar plantas resistentes a enfermedades. Esta revisión presenta algunos ejemplos de estas moléculas y discute sus propiedades estructurales y mecanismos de acción.
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