Implementação da tecnologia CRISPR-Cas para o tratamento de doenças na aquicultura de peixes
uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/%20udea.hm.v15n1a04Palavras-chave:
acuicultura, control, crispr-cas, diagn´óstico temprano, enfermedades de los peces, tratamientoResumo
Introdução: Aproximadamente 50% das perdas na produção aquícola para consumo humano se devem a doenças causadas por agentes patogênicos. Muitos tratamentos tradicionais para essas doenças são proibidos devido a seus efeitos negativos sobre o meio ambiente, a saúde do consumidor ou o crescimento dos peixes. A modificação genética, em particular usando a tecnologia CRISPR-Cas, oferece uma solução promissora. Essa tecnologia possibilita a realização de modificações genéticas e a detecção de sequências específicas com maior precisão do que outros métodos. Objetivo: descrever as aplicações da tecnologia CRISPR-Cas para o tratamento de doenças de peixes no setor de aquicultura. Metodologia: foi realizada uma pesquisa na literatura implementando os termos aquaculture, CRISPR, CRISPR-Cas, CRISPR-Cas Systems, diseases, fish disease, treatment, treatments, control somente em artigos originais publicados entre 2014 e 2024 em inglês, a pesquisa foi realizada no ScienceDirect, Scopus e Google Scholar. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que a China e os Estados Unidos são líderes nesse campo. Os patógenos mais frequentes nos estudos são virais, e os peixes mais estudados são Ictalurus punctatus e Salmo salar. A aplicação mais relevante é o diagnóstico de doenças virais e bacterianas usando fluorescência. A CRISPR-Cas está se estabelecendo como uma ferramenta crucial para o diagnóstico precoce de doenças em peixes. Seu uso está se expandindo para tratar de doenças bacterianas e virais, devido à dificuldade de tratamento e controle. Conclusões: São necessárias mais pesquisas para confirmar sua eficácia e sustentabilidade como uma alternativa viável para o tratamento de doenças na aquicultura.
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