Feeding propolis or essential oils (cashew and castor) to bulls: performance, digestibility, and blood cell counts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324962Keywords:
antioxidants, biodiesel, cattle, co-products, feedlot, plant oilsAbstract
in cattle production systems, antibiotics are commonly fed to cattle to prevent diseases, metabolic disorders, and to improve feed efficiency. Considerable effort has been devoted towards developing alternatives to the use of antibiotics. Objective: to evaluate the effect of propolis or cashew and castor oils on animal performance, feed intake, digestibility, and blood cell counts of young bulls. Methods: bulls were kept in a feedlot for 49 days. Starting on the 40th day, feces were sampled for five days to estimate digestibility using indigestible dry matter (DM) as a marker. Bulls were fed a control diet (CON) with sorghum silage (41% DM) and cracked corn, soybean meal, glycerine, limestone, and mineral salt. The propolis-supplemented group (PRO) received 3 g/animal/d in the concentrate. The essential oils-supplemented group (OIL) received 3 g/animal/d (1.5 g cashew oil + 1.5 g castor oil) added to the concentrate. Results: final body weight, average daily gain and feed efficiency were better for bulls fed the OIL diet. Propolis or essential oils had no effect on feed intake and digestibility. There was no effect of propolis or essential oils on blood cell counts. Red blood cell concentration was greater in the last day of the experiment, while the number of white blood cells was lower. Conclusions: dietary addition of propolis did not affect bull performance or feed efficiency. The addition of essential oils improved performance. Feed intake, digestibility, and blood cell counts were similar in all treatments.
en los sistemas de producción ganaderos, los antibióticos son añadidos a los bovinos para prevenir enfermedades y perturbaciones metabólicas y mejorar la eficacia alimenticia. Se han realizado considerables esfuerzos para desarrollar aditivos alternativos a los antibióticos. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de los propóleos o aceites de anacardo y ricino sobre los índices productivos, ingestión de alimentos, digestibilidad y células sanguíneas de toros jóvenes. Métodos: los toros fueron mantenidos en un sistema de cebo intensivo durante 49 días. A partir del día 40, se tomaron muestras de heces durante cinco días para estimar la digestibilidad (utilizando como marcador la materia seca indigerible). Los toros fueron alimentados con una dieta de control (CON) con ensilaje de sorgo (41% de DM) y maíz triturado, harina de soja, glicerina, piedra caliza y sal mineral. El grupo suplementado con propóleos (PRO) recibió 3 g/animal/d en el concentrado. El grupo suplementado con los aceites esenciales (OIL) recibió 3 g/animal/d (1,5 g de anacardo + 1,5 g de aceite de ricino) añadido al concentrado. Resultados: el peso corporal final, promedio de ganancia diaria y eficacia alimenticia fueron mejores para los toros jóvenes alimentados con la dieta OIL. Los propóleos o aceites esenciales no tuvieron efecto sobre el consumo de alimento y digestibilidad. No hubo efecto de propóleos o la adición de aceites esenciales en las dietas con respecto a los valores medios de las células sanguíneas. El número de células rojas sanguíneas fue mayor en el último día de experimento, mientras que el número de células blancas sanguíneas fue menor. Conclusiones: la adición de propóleos en la dieta de los toros jóvenes no tuvo efecto ni en el desempeño ni la eficiencia alimenticia. La adición de aceites esenciales mejoró el desempeño animal. La ingestión de alimentos, digestibilidad y las células sanguíneas fueron similares en todos los tratamientos.
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