Efecto protector de plantas medicinales y Bacillus licheniformis BCR 4-3 en el camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannamei) retado con Vibrio parahaemolyticus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v37n3a3Palabras clave:
ajo, albahaca, Bacillus licheniformis, camarón, enfermedad de necrosis hepatopancreática aguda, jengibre, Litopenaeus vannamei, sábila, Vibrio parahaemolyticusResumen
Antecedentes: Las enfermedades virales y bacterianas ocasionan pérdidas por mortalidad de hasta un 100% en camaronicultura. Actualmente se investiga el uso de métodos profilácticos tales como aditivos naturales que no generen resistencia bacteriana ni problemas ambientales. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de plantas medicinales (sábila, albahaca, jengibre y ajo) y Bacillus licheniformis BCR 4-3, adicionado en el agua, sobre la supervivencia del camaron Litopenaeus vannamei desafiado con Vibrio parahaemolyticus IPNGS16. Métodos: En dos bioensayos se evaluó cada dos días una mezcla de las cuatro plantas en polvo (4 g/kg de alimento) y el bacilo se adicionó al agua (1×106, 2×106 y 3×106 UFC/L) y se evaluó cada tres y siete días. Antes de cada bioensayo, se determinó la concentración letal media de Vibrio. Resultados: La mezcla de plantas medicinales en el alimento y B.licheniformis BCR 4-3 en el agua mejoró hasta un 70% la tasa de supervivencia de Litopenaeus vannamei retado con V.parahaemolyticus IPNGS16, representando una herramienta viable para prevenir infecciones por necrosis hepatopancreática aguda (AHPND) en granjas camaroneras comerciales.
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