Effect of creep feed supplemented with Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, blood parameters, gut permeability and fecal microbiome in piglets

Eva S Safaie; Ashton L Kelly; Chan-Ho Kwon; Jannell A Torres; Ji-Hye Lee; Merlin D Lindemann; Enid T McKinley; Samantha Hernandez; Jeferson M Lourenco; Young-Dal Jang

doi:10.17533/udea.rccp.e361541

Autores/as

Eva S Safaie University of Georgia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5935-4748
Ashton L Kelly University of Kentucky https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0172-0483
Chan-Ho Kwon University of Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1697-4435
Jannell A Torres University of Georgia
Ji-Hye Lee University of Georgia
Merlin D Lindemann University of Kentucky https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5812-6250
Enid T McKinley The Science Hearted Center, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-0607
Samantha Hernandez The Science Hearted Center, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4543-2154
Jeferson M Lourenco University of Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-0528
Young-Dal Jang University of Wisconsin River Falls https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-1231

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.e361541

Palabras clave:

alimento iniciador, Bacillus subtilis, cerdos, consumo de alimento, crecimiento, destete, heces, inflamación, microbioma, nitrógeno ureico, permeabilidad intestinal, predestete, probióticos

Resumen

Antecedentes: El alimento iniciador y la suplementación con Bacillus subtilis pueden promover el crecimiento y la salud de los cerdos alrededor del destete. Objetivo: Este estudio se realizó para evaluar los efectos del alimento iniciador suplementado con Bacillus subtilis sobre el desempeño productivo, la permeabilidad intestinal, la respuesta inflamatoria, la consistencia fecal y el microbioma de los cerdos durante los periodos pre y posdestete. Métodos: Un total de 12 camadas fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a 3 tratamientos con base en la raza, la paridad y el tamaño de la camada entre los días 2 y 5 de edad. Los tratamientos fueron: 1) Control (CON): sin alimento iniciador, 2) CF: alimento iniciador (24% de proteína cruda) sin suplementación con B. subtilis, y 3) CFB: alimento iniciador con suplementación de B. subtilis a una concentración de 1,88×10⁸ UFC/kg de dieta. Al destete (22–25 días de edad), los lechones fueron trasladados a las instalaciones de recría manteniendo los tratamientos originales y alimentados con una dieta común en 5 corrales por tratamiento con 5 lechones por corral durante 35 días. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias significativas en el número de lechones destetados, el peso al destete de los lechones y de las camadas, la ganancia de peso y el consumo de alimento iniciador durante la lactancia. En el periodo de recría, el grupo CF presentó menor peso corporal (p=0,05, tendencia) y menor ganancia diaria promedio (p<0,05) entre los días 0–21 posdestete en comparación con el grupo CON, mientras que el grupo CFB no mostró diferencias con respecto a CON ni CF; no obstante, no se observaron diferencias en el periodo total de recría. Tampoco se observaron diferencias significativas en el consumo diario promedio de alimento, la conversión alimenticia ni la consistencia fecal entre los tratamientos dietarios durante todo el periodo de recría. No hubo diferencias en el conteo fecal de E. coli, ni en los niveles séricos de TNF-α y diamina oxidasa. Los niveles séricos de IL-1β al destete (p<0,05) y de D-lactato al día 21 posdestete (p=0,08, tendencia) fueron menores en el grupo CFB que en el grupo CON, mientras que el grupo CF no difirió de CON ni de CFB. Las concentraciones séricas de nitrógeno ureico al destete fueron mayores en el grupo CON que en el grupo CF (p<0,05). El grupo CFB presentó mayor riqueza microbiana fecal que el grupo CON al día 21 posdestete (p<0,05). Conclusión: El alimento iniciador con alto contenido proteico no mejoró el crecimiento posdestete, mientras que la suplementación con B. subtilis mostró potencial para reducir la permeabilidad intestinal y la inflamación, además de influir en el microbioma fecal.

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Biografía del autor/a

Eva S Safaie, University of Georgia

University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Ashton L Kelly, University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Lexington, KY 40546, USA

Chan-Ho Kwon, University of Georgia

University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Jannell A Torres, University of Georgia

University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Ji-Hye Lee, University of Georgia

University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Merlin D Lindemann, University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Lexington, KY 40546, USA

Enid T McKinley, The Science Hearted Center, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production

The Science Hearted Center, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA

Samantha Hernandez, The Science Hearted Center, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production

The Science Hearted Center, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA

Jeferson M Lourenco, University of Georgia

University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Young-Dal Jang, University of Wisconsin River Falls

University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA

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