Physical exercise on markers of oxidative stress in saliva of sedentary postmenopausal women
Keywords:
postmenopause, oxidative stress, physical exerciseAbstract
Objective: to examine the effect of physical exercise on oxidative stress markers in saliva samples from sedentary postmenopausal women. Method: 28 women aged 58.6 ± 4.6 years participated voluntarily in the study. They were evaluated 1 hour, before and immediately after taking a 12-minute walk. The participants then rinsed their mouths with water and the samples were collected and stored in test tubes at -5 ° C for further analysis. The samples were centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes and the supernatant separated. The lipid hydroperoxide concentration was determined by the FOX method, the uric acid by an enzymatic kit, the total antioxidant activity by the ABTS method, the nitrite concentration by the Griess reaction and the total proteins by colorimetry. Results: the levels of lipid hydroperoxide after the walk decreased significantly, compared to the values 1 hour before (p <0.0001); There was also a decrease in uric acid (p <0.004) and total antioxidant activity (p <0.0001), compared to the values 1 hour before. Conclusion: physical activity of low intensity and short duration decreases lipid hydroperoxide in the examined population, which suggests that exercise at the intensity and duration studied has an effect on oxidative stress markers in saliva.
Downloads
References
Asha, D., Prathima, S., & Subramanyam, M. (2003). Dietary vitamin E and physical exercise: antioxidant status and lipofuscin-like substances in aging rat heart. Experimental Gerontology, 38, 291-297.
Asociación Médica Mundial (2013). Declaración de Helsinki: Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos. Brasil: AMM.
Atsumi, T., Iwakura, I., Kashiwagi, Y., Fujisawa, S., & Ueha, T. (1999). Free radical scavenging activity in the nonenzymatic fraction of human saliva: a simple DPPH assay showing the effect of physical exercise. Antioxidant & Redox Signaling, 1(4), 537-546.
Barrón, V., Rodríguez, A., & Chavarría, P. (2017). Hábitos alimentarios, estado nutricional y estilos de vida en adultos mayores activos de la ciudad de Chillán, Chile. Revista Chilena de Nutrición, 44(1), 57-62.
Beckman, K., & Ames, B. (1998). The free radical theory of aging matures. Physiological Reviews, 78, 547-581.
Blumenthal, J., Fredrikson, M., Kuhn, C., Ulmer, R., Walsh, M., & Appelbaum, M. (1990). Aerobic exercise reduces levels of cardiovascular and symphathoadrenal responses to mental stress in subjects without prior evidence of myocardial ischemia. American Journal of Cardiology, 65, 93-98.
Calderón, J., Fernández, A., & Alina, M. (2008). Ateroesclerosis, estrés oxidativo y actividad física. Revisión. Investigación Clínica, 49(3), 397-410.
Coronas, R., Almirall, J., Massons, C., García, M., & García, H. (2015). Hipertensión arterial refractaria y malestar emocional ¿Hay alguna asociación? Cuadernos de Medicina Psicosomática y Psiquiatría de Enlace, 113, 26-32.
Davies, K. (1999). The broad spectrum of responses to oxidants in proliferating cells: a new paradigm for oxidative stress. IUBMB Life, 48(1), 41-47.
Ferreira, R. (1998). Estrés oxidativo y antioxidantes. Buenos Aires: Bagó.
Fossati, P., Prencipe, L., & Berti, G. (1980). Use of 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid/4-aminophenazone chromagenic system in direct enzymatic assay of uric acid in serum and urine. Clinical Chemistry, 26(2), 227-231.
Gargallo, P., Colado, J., Juesas, A., Hernando, A., Estañ, N., Monzó, L., García, P., Cauli, O. & Sáez, G. (2018). The effect of moderate- versus high-intensity resistance training on systemic redox state and DNA damage in healthy older women. Biological Research of Nursing, 20(2), 205-217.
Gómez, M., Domenech, E., & Viña, J. (2008). Moderate exercise is an antioxidant: upregulation of antioxidant genes by training. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 44, 126- 131.
González, D., Marquina, R., Rondón, N., Rodríguez, A., & Reyes, R. (2008). Effects of aerobic exercise on uric acid, total antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide in human saliva. Research in Sports Medicine, 16(2), 1-10.
Green, L., Wagner, D., Glogowski, J., Skipper, P., Wishnok, J., & Tannenbaum, S. (1982). Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrate in biological fluids. Analytical Biochemistry, 126, 131-138.
Guerra, E. (2001). Estrés oxidativo, enfermedades y tratamientos antioxidantes. Anales de Medicina Interna, 18(6), 50-59.
Hakim, A., Petrovitch, H., Burchfiel, C., Ross, G., Rodriguez, B., White, L., Yano, K., Curb, J., & Abbott, R. (1998). Effects of walking on mortality among nonsmoking retired men. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(2), 94-99.
Hellsten, Y. (2000). The role of xanthine oxidase in exercise. In C. Sen, L. Packer & O. Hanninen (eds.), Handbook of oxidants and antioxidants in exercise (pp. 153-176). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Herrera, M., Mingorance, C., Rodríguez, R., & Álvarez, M. (2010). Endothelial dysfunction and aging: an update. Ageing Research Reviews, 9(2), 142-152.
Jenkins, R. (1998). Free radicals chemistry: relationship to exercise. Sports Medicine, 5, 156- 170.
Junqueira, V., Barros, S., Chan, S., Rodrigues, L., Giavarotti, L., Abud, R., & Deucher, G. (2004). Aging and oxidative stress. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 25(1-2), 5-16.
Knapowski, J., Wieczorowska, K., & Witowski, J. (2002). Pathophysiology of ageing. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 53, 135-146.
Kriska, A., Blair, S., & Pereira, M. (1994). The potential role of physical activity in the prevention of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: the epidemiological evidence. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 22, 121-143.
Lee, H., & Oh, B. (2010). Aging and arterial stiffness. Circulation Journal, 74(11), 2257-2262.
Leiva, L., Del Pozo, H., & Pérez, D. (2000). Óxido Nítrico y su relación con la hipertensión arterial. Revista Cubana de Medicina, 39(3),174-179.
Maeda, S., Tanabe, T., Otsuki, T., Sugawara, J., Iemitsu, M., Miyauchi, T., Kuno, S., Ajisaka, R. & Matsuda, M. (2004). Moderate regular exercise increases basal production of nitric oxide in elderly women. Hypertension Research, 27(2), 947-953.
Mastaloudis, A., Morrow, J., Hopkins, D., Devaraj, S., & Traber, M. (2004). Antioxidant supplementation prevents exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, but not inflammation, in ultramarathon runners. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 36(10), 1239-1341.
McBride, J., Kraemer, W., Triplett, T., & Sebastianelli, W. (1998). Effect of resistance exercise on free radical production. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 30(1), 67-72.
Muñoz, D., Olcina, G., Timón, R., Brazo, J., Robles, M., & Maynar, M. (2010). Ejercicio físico y estrés oxidativo. Revista Española de Educación Física y Deportes, 14, 93-107.
Nieman, D., Dumke, C., Henson, D., McAnulty, S., McAnulty, L., Lind, R., & Morrow, J. (2003). Immune and oxidative changes during and following the Western States Endurance Run. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 24(7), 541-547.
Nourooz, J., Tajaddini, J., & Wolff, S. (1994). Measurement of plasma hydroperoxide concentrations by the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange assay in conjunction with triphenyl phosphine. Analytical Biochemistry, 220, 403-409.
Pacheco, J. (2010). Estrés oxidativo en el climaterio y menopausia y cáncer ginecológico. Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, 56(2), 108-119.
Pariese, G., Phillips, M., Kaczor, J., & Tarnopolsky, M. (2005). Antioxidant enzyme activity is up-regulated after unilateral resistance exercise training in older adults. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 39(2), 289-295.
Peterson, M., & Gordon, P. (2011). Resistance exercise for the aging adult: clinical implications and prescription guidelines. The American Journal of Medicine, 124, 194- 198.
Pincheira, J., Navarrete, M., & De la Torre, C. (1999). Effect of vitamin E on chromosomal aberrations is lymphocytes from patients with Downs syndrome. Clinical Genetics, 55(3), 192-197. Polidori, M., Mecocci, P., Cherubini, A., & Senin, U. (2000). Physical activity and stress during aging. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 21, 154-157.
Poon, H., Calabrese, V., Scapagnini, G., & Butterfield, D. (2004). Free radicals: key to brain and heme oxygenase as a cellular response to oxidative stress. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 59, 478-493.
Radák, Z., Chung, H., Koltai, E., Taylor, A., & Goto, S. (2008). Exercise, oxidative stress and hormesis. Ageing Research Reviews, 7(1), 34-42.
Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., & Rice, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26, 1231-1237.
Rodríguez, K., & Céspedes, E. (1999). Estrés oxidativo y envejecimiento. Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 18(2), 67-76.
Rojas, S., Querales, M., Rodríguez, M., & Rodríguez, Y. (2016). Ácido úrico y riesgo cardiovascular en adultos sedentarios y con actividad física regular. Acta Bioquímica Clínica Latinoamericana, 50(3), 453-461.
Safar, M. (2010). Arterial aging-hemodynamic changes and therapeutic options. Nature Reviews. Cardiology, 7(8), 442-449.
Schlicht, J., Camaione, D., & Owen, S. (2001). Effect of intense strength training on standing balance, walking speed and sit-to-stand performance in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56, 281-286.
Siegel, W., & Blumenthal, J. (1991). The role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 13(1), 23-30.
Sjodin, B., Hellsten, Y., & Apple, F. (1990). Biochemical mechanisms for oxygen free radical formation during exercise. Sports Medicine, 10, 236-254.
Sobocanec, S., Balagog, T., Sverko, V., & Marotti, T. (2005). Met-enkephalin modulation of age-related changes in red cell antioxidant status. Physiological Research, 54, 97-104.
Takahashi, M., Miyashita, M., Park, J., Kim, H., Nakamura, Y., Sakamoto, S., & Suzuki, K. (2013). The association between physical activity and sex-specific oxidative stress in older adults. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12, 571-578.
Wood, P., Stefanick, M., Dreon, D., Frey, B., Garay, S., Williams, P., Superko, H., Fortmann, S., Albers, J., & Vranizan, K. (1988). Changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins in overweight men during weight loss through dieting as compared with exercise. New England Journal of Medicine, 319, 1173-1179.
World Health Organization (2006). Body Mass Index. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO.
Zambrano, J., Araque, Y., Marquina, R., Álvarez, R., & Rodríguez, A. (2017). Ejercicio físico de baja intensidad y corta duración disminuye el estrés oxidativo en mujeres. VIREF Revista de Educación Física, 6(1), 13.26.
Zilberman, J. (2018). Menopausia: hipertensión arterial y enfermedad vascular. Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular, 35(2), 73-83.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Aquellos autores/as que tengan publicaciones con esta revista, aceptan los términos siguientes:
- Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores/as podrán adoptar otros acuerdos de licencia no exclusiva de distribución de la versión de la obra publicada (p. ej.: depositarla en un archivo telemático institucional o publicarla en un volumen monográfico) siempre que se indique la publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as difundir su obra a través de Internet (p. ej.: en archivos telemáticos institucionales o en su página web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, lo cual puede producir intercambios interesantes y aumentar las citas de la obra publicada. (Véase El efecto del acceso abierto).
Licencia Creative Commons
VIREF Revista de Educación Física se encuentra bajo Licencia Creative Commons: Atribución No Comercial Compartir Igual
