Prevalence of Anaplasma spp. at the global level: systematic review 1978-2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.hm.v10n1a04Keywords:
prevalence, Anaplasma spp., systematic review, meta-analysisAbstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to describe the worldwide prevalence of Anaplasma spp. and its specific prevalence according to place and year of the study, species and diagnostic technique, based on original research reported in world scientific lite-rature.
Methods: Systematic reviews of Medline-Pubmed and Scielo were carried out with 14 search strategies, following the phases of the PRISMA guide, and gua-ranteeing completeness and reproducibility. A total of 221 studies were included, most of them published between 2011-2015.
Results: The countries with the highest number of studies were the United States (n=32), China and Germany (n=15), Poland (n=14) and Brazil (n=12). The main diagnostic test was PCR (70%). The hig-hest proportion of investigations were in ruminants (30.3%), ticks (23.6%) and canids (16.8%), whi-le the lowest proportion was in felines (3.2%) and equids (1.8%). In the 221 studies, the population was 337,119 individuals with an overall prevalence of 6.28% (21,175). The highest specific prevalence was found in equids, with 25.67% (n=409), and cervids with 21.14% (n=6,215). The frequency of positivity results by microscopy was 49.4% (n=1,747) and by PCR 10.57% (n=90,891).
Conclusions: It is concluded that Anaplasmosis is an important zoonotic disease due to its wide range of hosts and vectors, its high prevalence in multiple species and its high risk to human and animal health.
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