Perfil de resistencia a antimicrobianos de aislamientos clínicos de Clostridium, Paeniclostridium y Paraclostridium spp. (2015-2020)

Carlos Quesada-Gómez; Fabiola Rodriguez-Mena

doi:10.17533/udea.hm.v16n2a02

Autores

Carlos Quesada-Gómez Universidad de Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2293-8257
Fabiola Rodriguez-Mena Universidad de Costa Rica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.hm.v16n2a02

Palavras-chave:

Bactérias anaeróbicas, Resistência antimicrobiana, Antibióticos, Paeniclostridium., Paraclostridium, Clostridium

Resumo

Introdução: Os gêneros Clostridium, Paraclostridium e Paeniclostridium compreendem bactérias anaeróbicas, Gram positivas e formadoras de esporos, amplamente distribuídas no ambiente e na microbiota humana. Sua capacidade de produzir diversas toxinas e sua frequente exposição a antimicrobianos lhes confere relevância clínica em vários tipos de infecções. Objetivo: Analisar os perfis de resistência a 11 antimicrobianos em isolados clínicos desses gêneros bacterianos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa sistemática no PubMed de artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2020 que relatassem dados de resistência antimicrobiana. Resultados: A maior resistência foi observada contra a moxifloxacina, enquanto a tigeciclina apresentou a menor. Os isolados com maiores níveis de resistência vieram de feridas traumáticas e casos de bacteremia. Uma descoberta consistente foi a menor resistência em C. perfringens em comparação com outras espécies. Em contraste, C. innocuum se destacou pela presença de uma cepa multirresistente, com resistência à penicilina, clindamicina e amoxicilina-ácido clavulânico, além de sua resistência intrínseca à vancomicina. Conclusão: Esses resultados ressaltam a necessidade de uma vigilância ativa e contínua dos perfis de resistência em bactérias anaeróbicas, uma vez que esses testes não são realizados rotineiramente em laboratórios clínicos.

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