Nursing Intervention "EducaTHE" to Improve Knowledge and Self-care Behaviors for Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnant Women: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v43n1e14Keywords:
randomized controlled trial, nursing, hypertension, pregnancy-induced, self-care, behavior, theory of planned behaviorAbstract
Objective. This work sought to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effect of the nursing intervention “Knowledge and self-care behaviors of pregnant women in the face of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy - EducaTHE”.
Methods. This study is a pilot randomized controlled trial. Sixty pregnant women who were enrolled in the antenatal care program of a health institution participated. They were selected via simple random sampling and assigned to the experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). The intervention consisted of four educational sessions once a week, while the control group received usual antenatal care. Recruitment, follow-up, and dropout rates were assessed, as well as participant satisfaction. Both groups completed the "Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors - CoNOCiTHE" and "Determinants of Behavior" scales before and four weeks after the intervention to assess impact.
Results. The recruitment rate was 75.94%, 90% at follow-up and 10% dropouts. Overall satisfaction was 4.82 out of 5. The effect of the intervention showed a significant increase in the level of knowledge and behaviors in the experimental group compared to the control group (77 vs. 69; p< 0.001) and in the determinants of behavior (159 vs. 154; p=0.066), and a large effect size (d-Cliff = 0.7517). These changes were not significant in the control group (p≥0.05).
Conclusion. This study shows the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention in the maternal population, as well as the potential effect of improving knowledge and self-care behaviors in the face of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Therefore, it is recommended to use these types of educational interventions in maternal and perinatal nursing care.
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