Comportamiento mecánico de una mezcla asfáltica modificada con asfalto caucho y agregados reciclados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20250366Palabras clave:
agregados alternativos, asfalto modificado, ensayo Marshall, módulo resiliente, deformación permanente.Resumen
La utilización de agregados reciclados de concreto (ARC) en la fabricación de mezclas asfálticas para pavimentos es una técnica viable para solucionar la problemática ambiental de disposición de residuos. Asimismo, el uso de asfalto modificado con grano de caucho reciclado (GCR) podría contribuir a este fin. Este artículo evaluó el comportamiento físico-mecánico de una mezcla asfáltica densa en caliente (MDC) fabricada con GCR y sustituyendo parcialmente la fracción gruesa del agregado grueso de origen natural (AN) por ARC. Para tal fin, fueron realizados ensayos de caracterización de los materiales. Posteriormente se realizaron cuatro diseños de MDC mediante el ensayo Marshall, considerando AN y ARC, y utilizando un cemento asfáltico CA 60-70 y modificado con GCR. El desempeño mecánico se midió realizando el ensayo Marshall, Resistencia a la Tracción Indirecta (RTI), módulo resiliente y deformación permanente. También se midió la resistencia al daño por humedad mediante el ensayo RTI en condiciones secas y húmedas. Los resultados demuestran que las mezclas con ARC requieren mayor contenido de asfalto. Al sustituir el AN por ARC, la MDC disminuye su resistencia bajo carga monotónica, cíclica y resistencia al daño por humedad. Contrario a lo anterior, el GCR tiende a aumentar el desempeño mecánico de las mezclas. Sin embargo, el contenido de GCR utilizado en el presente estudio fue insuficiente para cubrir y adherir adecuadamente los ARC, generando una mezcla que experimentó el peor desempeño.
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