Briser le cercle vicieux de l’inégalité et de l’improductivité : leçons tirées des données internationales
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n102a354958Mots-clés :
distribución del ingreso, Productividad Total de los Factores, Formación, política fiscal, inclusión financiera, competenciaRésumé
Les inégalités et la faible productivité sont statistiquement corrélées en Colombie et dans le monde, ce qui suggère l'existence d'un cercle vicieux entre les deux problèmes. Dans ce contexte, cet article passe en revue la théorie et les preuves empiriques internationales afin d’identifier les causes communes possibles des deux phénomènes. L'article se concentre sur les variables politiques qui ont les effets les plus marqués sur la répartition des revenus et la productivité dans les pays en développement, à savoir : (i) la formation précoce de compétences cognitives et non cognitives, (ii) les politiques fiscales axées sur les impôts directs et les transferts ciblés, (iii) l’inclusion financière, et (iv) les politiques de concurrence. Sur cette base, des stratégies sont proposées pour briser le cercle vicieux de l'inégalité et de l'improductivité en Colombie
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