Síndrome multisistémico de desmejoramiento posdestete (SMDP) en cerdos criados al aire libre en una granja situada en Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324020Keywords:
circovirus, inclusion bodies, giant cells, lymph depletion, wastingAbstract
Resumen
Se realizó un estudio clínico-patológico en cerdos criados al aire libre, estos presentaron signos de desmejoramiento y muerte entre los 40 a 90 días de vida. Durante un periodo determinado se registraron los Índices de mortalidad en las categorías de recría y levante. A un grupo de animales con signos de desmejoramiento se les extrajo sangre y se les realizó la necropsia. Se tomaron muestras de tejidos para la realización de análisis histopatológicos, inmunohistoquímicos, bacteriológicos, parasitológicos y virológicos. Los Índices de mortalidad estuvieron incrementados en la primera parte del periodo estudiado. Los signos clínicos observados fueron: retardo en el crecimiento, pérdida de peso y muerte. A la necropsia se observó palidez de mucosas, ganglios linfáticos megálicos y friables, edema de pericardio y de cavidad abdominal. En pulmón se observó neumonía intersticial. El riñón se mostró con ·reas blanquecinas en corteza y edema en pelvis. Las lesiones observadas microscópicamente fueron: depleción linfocitaria en Órganos linfoides, infiltración de histiocitos, presencia de células gigantes, cuerpos de inclusión intra citoplasmáticos y necrosis multifocales. Además, tanto las células gigantes, los cuerpos de inclusión y los macrófagos de las ·reas foliculares de los tejidos linfoides, se manifestaron como inmunorreactivos en la técnica del complejo abidina biotina (ABC) frente al anticuerpo monoclonal del circovirus porcino tipo II (CVP2). Estos hallazgos confirman la presencia de Síndrome de Multisistémico de Desmejoramiento Posdestete (SMDP) en cerdos criados al aire libre con cuadros clínicos patológicos similares a los descriptos en sistemas confinados.
Summary
To carry out a clinical and pathological study in pigs reared in an outdoor system farm showing signs of wasting and witch then died between 40 and 90 days of life. The study was carried out between May, 2001 and February, 2002. Mortality was registered in animals in both weaning and postweaning periods. Sixteen animals with obvious signs of wasting were selected. Blood samples were extracted and necropsies were performed. Tissue samples were fixed in formaldehyde at 10%, stained with H/E and analyzed with inmunohistochemical techniques. Bacteriological, parasitological and viral studies were also carried out. Mortality was higher during first part of the period studied in weaning and postweaning. The animals that survived, showed decreased growth rate and weight loss, not being able to reach the same body size as their contemporaries. Clinical signs observed included growth retardation, weight loss, respiratory distiess and death. Necropsy revealed mucosal paleness, enlarged and brittle lymph nodes, pericardial and abdominal edema. Both bronchointerstitial and interstitial pulmonary pneumonia were observed in the lungs. The kidneys showed whitish areas in the renal cortex and renal pelvis edema. The lesions observed microscopically were: lymphoid depletion in lymph tissues, infiltration of histyocites, presence of giant cells, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and focal necrosis. Giant cells, inclusion bodies and the macrophages of the follicular areas of the lymphoid tissues were inmunoreactive to the ABC technique in the presence of CVP2 monoclonal antibody. These findings confirm the presence of PMWS in pigs reared in an outdoor system farm. The animals showed clinical pathological symptoms similar to those described for animals in stall fed systems.
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