Gestación prolongada asociada con la prescripción inadecuada de medroxiprogesterona acetato. ¿Es racional y ético el uso de progestágenos exógenos en perras?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.324103Palavras-chave:
distocia, maceración.fetal, monta.indeseada, progestágenosResumo
Resumen
Los progestágenos sintéticos como la medroxiprogesterona acetato (MPA) y el proligestone (PRO) son usados en caninos como medicamento para prevenir la presentación del celo en perras, a pesar de existir abundante evidencia de su asociación con el aumento de la presentación de tumores mamarios y uterinos, complejo hiperplasia quística endometrial-piómetra y alteraciones de la hormona del crecimiento que cursan con acromegalia. En el presente estudio se informa de un caso de gestación prolongada asociada con la administración de MPA para prevenir la gestación después de una monta no deseada, en una perra de raza Fox terrier pelo de alambre de cinco años de edad a quien se le prescribió de manera errónea MPA para la monta no deseada. La paciente se recibió a los 74 días postmonta, con abdomen distendido pero sin dificultad respiratoria ni cambios importantes en el hemoleucograma; el examen clínico y la radiografía revelaron la presencia de seis fetos en proceso de maceración; la paciente fue sometida a operación cesárea para la extracción de los fetos macerados seguida de ovariohisterectomía. La evolución clínica fue favorable. En la discusión se hacen unos planteamientos críticos sobre la racionalidad y la ética del uso de los progestágenos exógenos, al igual que de la aplicación de productos estrogénicos, para el control de eventos reproductivos en perras, como la monta no deseada o la supresión del celo, y se proponen otras alternativas terapéuticas.
Palabras clave: distocia, maceración fetal, monta indeseada, progestágenos.
Summary
Medroxiprogesterone acetate (MPA) has been commonly used as a contraceptive in bitches by its effect on preventing estrous presentation, instead of abundant evidence on undesirable collateral effects such as uterine and mammary tumors and nodules, Cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex, as well as acromegaly-like lesions. In this report a 6 year -old Fox-terrier wire coat bitch is presented which was administered a depot MPA formulation in order to prevent an undesired mating-related pregnancy that was attended at the by a prolonged pregnancy at day 74 after the undesired mating. The patient showed distended abdomen, dyspnea, with no changes in hemoleukograms values, but with macerated fetuses as diagnosed by clinical and radiographic findings. An elective cesarean operation followed by ovary hysterectomy was performed. The patient showed an optimal clinical evolution. Several aspects related to the use of MPA in canine reproduction, the recommendation to cautiously prescribe its use as contraceptive agents in bitches, as well as the consideration of other alternatives for management of undesired mating in dogs, are discussed.
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