Avaliação genética de distocia e sua relação com características produtivas e reprodutivas em vacas da raça Holandesa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v30n2a04Palavras-chave:
dificuldade de parto, vaca de leiteria, correlação genética, parâmetros genéticos, desempenho produtivoResumo
Antecedentes: distocia é uma das características secundárias economicamente mais significativas em vacas leiteiras e tem efeitos adversos sobre a subsequente sobrevivência, saúde e desempenho de mães e filhos. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi estimar parâmetros genéticos direto e maternos para facilidade de parto (CE) e sua relação com características produtivas e reprodutivas em vacas da raça Holandesa iranianos. Métodos: dados de 1991 a 2011 foram coletados a partir do Centro de Melhoramento Animal do Irã, estes continham 132.831 registros da CE, 183.203 registros de características produtivas, incluindo 305-d rendimento ajustado leite (P305), 305-d produção de gordura ajustada (FY305) e 305-d rendimento ajustado proteína (PY305), e 129.199 registros de características reprodutivas, incluindo jornadas de portas abertas (DO), dias para o primeiro serviço (DFS) e intervalo entre partos (CI). Modelos animais lineares univariados e bivariados foram utilizados para a análise de características em dois modelos diferentes em que foram incluídos efeito genético direto (modelo 1) e efeitos genéticos maternos diretos + (modelo 2) usando o algorítmo AI-REML. Resultados: a herdabilidade estimada para CE no modelo 1 foi 0,02 na análise univariada e 0,02-0,03 na análise bivariada. A herdabilidade direta e materna no modelo 2 foi 0,02 e 0,002 para univariada, e 0,03 e 0,0004-0,006 na bivariada, respectivamente. As correlações genéticas entre os efeitos diretos da CE com P305, FY305 e PY305 foram -0,99, 0,02 e -0,07 no modelo 1 e -0,2, -0,02 e -0,13 no modelo 2, respectivamente. Conclusão: este estudo sugere que um índice de seleção que inclua efeitos diretos e maternos deve ser incluído em programas de melhoramento para CE.
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