Manuela, de Eugenio Díaz Castro, o la novela sobre el impasse de fundación nacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.elc.16457Abstract
Resumen: Éste artículo es una aproximación aManuela, la novela de Eugenio Díaz Castro, desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Subalternos. Argumenta que el novelista ilustró "desde abajo" los principales obstáculos del proyecto de consolidación nacional colombiano de mediados del siglo XIX. Se propone demostrar cómo dichos obstáculos fueron atribuidos por el escritor al elitismo de los grupos dominantes, actitud que rechaza incorporando en la narración algunas de las demandas históricas hechas por los sectores populares del momento; asimismo, aquí se destaca cómo el autor advierte que la exclusión permanente de las mayorías significaría la postergación indefinida de la unidad Estado-nación. Para probar este argumento son identificados en la novela, a la luz de textos representativos de la época, las narrativas de los proyectos dominantes y marginales involucrados en la lucha por el dominio hegemónico de la población nacional.
Descriptores: Díaz Castro, Eugenio; Manuela; Ficciones fundacionales; Hegemonía, hegemonía alternativa, contrahegemonía; Estudios Subalternos.
Abstract: This article approaches perceptions ofManuela, by Eugenio Díaz Castro, on Colombian national consolidation from a Subaltern Studies Perspective. The article argues that Colombian national consolidation major obstacles of the 19thMid-Century were portrayed by the novelist from the perspective of the dominated classes. The study intents to demonstrate how those obstacles were credited by the novelist to elite's attitude towards subalterns, a position he had tried to reverse by including into the novel current popular historical demands. Furthermore, the novelist warns us that national consolidation would be delayed perpetually by leaving the majority of the population out of the nation building project. To substantiate this argument a number of important writings of the time are compared with Diaz Castro´s novel depiction of those narratives that were representing main stream and marginal projects involved in the struggle for hegemonic dominance of the nation-state.
Key words: Díaz Castro, Eugenio; Manuela; Foundational fictions; Hegemony, alternative hegemony, counter-hegemony; Subaltern Studies
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