Myths and Realities on Islam and Democracy in the Middle East

Salim Cevik

doi:10.17533/udea.espo.10057

Autores/as

Salim Cevik Universidad de Bilkent

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.espo.10057

Palabras clave:

Islam, Democracia, Secularización, Partido de la Justicia y el Desarrollo, Turquía, Medio Oriente

Resumen

Existe un gran cuerpo de literatura secundaria según la cual el islam y la democracia son incompatibles por definición. Sin embargo, el islam, al igual que otras religiones, tiene múltiples sentidos así como fuertes elementos teóricos que pueden servir como base para políticas democráticas. A lo largo y ancho del mundo musulmán existen algunos países que han logrado un nivel considerable de democratización. Solamente el mundo árabe, no el musulmán, representa hasta ahora el completo fracaso en términos de transición democrática. El fracaso del mundo árabe debería ser atribuido más a razones políticas, tales como la economía petrolera y el estado rentista, que al islam. La falta de soporte internacional para con los movimientos prodemocráticos en la región, bajo el miedo de que estos puedan inclinarse hacia sistemas políticos islamistas constituye también un factor importante en los fracasos democráticos de la región. No obstante, el éxito democrático en Turquía del Partido Proislámico de la Justicia y el Desarrollo pone en entredicho tales miedos. Con la atención internacional suscitada por el caso de este partido, particularmente en el mundo árabe, la experiencia de Turquía provee un ejemplo claro para establecer la compatibilidad entre la democracia y el islam.

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Biografía del autor/a

Salim Cevik, Universidad de Bilkent

B.A. International Relations Department, Bilkent University, Turkey. Ph.D.: Political Science Department, Bilkent University, Turkey (still continuing). Lecturer at Istanbul Bilgi University, Turkey

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