Prevalence and severity of nomophobia among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v42n3e05Keywords:
meta-analysis, nurse, Meta-Analysis, smartphone, systematic reviewAbstract
Objectives. To determine the prevalence and severity of nomophobia (dread of not having a smartphone) among nurses.
Methods. A systematic search was carried out across different electronic databases, including Medline (PubMed), SCOPUS Embase, CINAHL, EBSCO, and Google Scholar, until March 2024. The meta-analysis included studies that reported the prevalence of nomophobia in nurses and used the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q). Two independent reviewers identified the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. PROSPERO register number CRD42024512079.
Results. A total 10 studies (4 in Italy and 6 in Turkey) with 3086 individuals were found to meet the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. However, data could not be retrieved for one research, thus nine studies being included in the meta-analysis. The Overall Prevalence of nomophobia was 68.15% (95% CI: 57.49%-78.81%; I² = 99%). The prevalence of mild nomophobia was reported to be 43% (95% CI, 24%-65%; I2 = 99%), moderate nomophobia was 31% (95% CI, 17%-50%; I2 = 99%), and severe nomophobia was 7% (95% CI, 2%-25%; I2= 95%). Country-specific analysis revealed that Turkish nurses had a greater level of nomophobia than their Italian nurses.
Conclusion. Nurses have a high prevalence of mild to moderate nomophobia which emphasizes the need of preventative initiatives and tailored intervention for nurses in health care organizations.
Downloads
References
1. Ayar D, Özalp Gerçeker G, Özdemir EZ, Bektaş M. The Effect of Problematic Internet Use, Social Appearance Anxiety, and Social Media Use on Nursing Students’ Nomophobia Levels. CIN – Computer, Informatics, Nursing. 2018; 36(12):589–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/cin.0000000000000458
2. Kneidinger-Mueller B. When the smartphone goes offline: a factorial survey of smartphone users’ experiences of mobile unavailability. Computers in Human Behavior. 2019; 98:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.037
3. Ahmed S, Pokherl N, Roy S, Samuel AJ. Impact of nomophobia: a nondrug addiction among students of physiotherapy course using an online cross-sectional survey. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2019;61(1):77-80. https://doi.org/10.4103%2Fpsychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_361_18
4. Roberts JA, David ME. My life has become a major distraction from my cell phone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in Human Behavior. 2016; 54:134-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.058
5. Yasodhamma A, Ramasambasivan R. A descriptive study to assess nomophobia among B.Sc (N) students in Mohammed Sathak A.J College of nursing, Chennai. RESEARCH REVIEW International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. 2018; 3(11):1067-8.
6. King AL, Valença AM, Nardi AE. Nomophobia: the mobile phone in panic disorder with agoraphobia: reducing phobias or worsening of dependence? Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology. 2010; 23(1): 52-4. https://doi.org/10.1097/wnn.0b013e3181b7eabc
7. Bragazzi NL, Del Puente G. A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2014; 7:155–60. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s41386
8. Yeykelis L, Cummings JJ, Reeves B. Multitasking on a single device: arousal and the frequency, anticipation, and prediction of switching between media content on a computer. Journal of Communications. 2014; 64(1):167–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12070
9. Rodríguez-García, AM, Moreno-Guerrero AJ, López Belmonte J. Nomophobia: An individual’s growing fear of being without a smartphone—a systematic literature review. The International Journal of Environmental Research. Public Health. 2020; 17(2):580. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph17020580
10. Buctot DB, Kim N, Kim SH. Personal profiles, family environment, patterns of smartphone use, nomophobia, and smartphone addiction across low, average, and high perceived academic performance levels among high school students in the Philippines. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(10):5219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105219
11. Hoşgör H, Coşkun F, Çalişkan F, Gündüz Hoşgör D. Relationship between nomophobia, fear of missing out, and perceived work overload in nurses in Turkey. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2021; 57:1026-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12653
12. Marletta G, Trani S, Rotolo G, Di Monte MC, Sarli L, Artioli G, La Torre P, Pedrazzi G. Nomophobia in healthcare: an observational study between nurses and students. Acta Biomedica. 2021; 92(S2):e2021031. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92is2.11505
13. Lupo R, Zacchino S, Caldararo C, Calabrò A, Carriero MC, Santoro P, et al. The use of electronical devices and relative levels of nomophobia within a group of Italian nurses: An observational study. Epidemiology Biostatistics and Public Health. 2020; 1(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.2427/13272
14. Vitale E, Mea R, Benedetto A, Capizzello D, Zacchino S, Zaminga M, et al. Anxiety, Depression, Body Mass Index, Physical Activity in Nomophobic Italian Nurses: A Chronic Latent Inflammation? Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets. 2023; 23(11):1421–9. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871530323666230310152747
15. Frassini S, Giovannini D, Biondi A, Rocchi MBL, Rasori S, Nardella N, et al. Nomophobia and the connection anxiety dimensions: A cross-sectional study among students and nurses. Recenti Progressi in Medicina. 2021; 112(9):587–93. https://doi.org/10.1701/3658.36423
16. Uguz G, Bacaksiz FE. Relationships between personality traits and nomophobia: Research on nurses working in public hospitals. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2022; 58(2):673–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12834
17. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition). 2021; 29(372):n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
18. Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, Olkin I, Williamson GD, Rennie D, et al. Meta-Analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (Moose) group. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2000; 283:2008–12. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.283.15.2008
19. Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, Riitano D, Tufanaru C. Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and incidence data. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare. 2015; 13(3):147–53. https://doi.org/10.1097/xeb.0000000000000054
20. Bülbüloğlu S, Özdemir A, Kapıkıran G, Sarıtaş S. The effect of nomophobic behavior of nurses working at surgical clinics on time management and psychological well-being. Journal of substance use. 2020; 25(3):318–23. http://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2019.1692926
21. Cetin Y, Agrali C, Unal E, Kapikiran G. The Effect of Nomophobic Behaviors on Caring Behaviors in Nurses Working in Intensive Care Clinics. MEDICAL RECORDS-International Medical Journal. 2023; 5(3):613–9. https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1310500
22. Demirel BR, Sarikoç G. Hemşirelerde Nomofobi ile Sosyal İyilik Hâli Arasındaki İlişki: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2022; 14(4):1205–20. http://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2022-89121
23. Kapikiran G, Karakas N, Kartal M. The effects of the nomophobic behaviors of emergency room nurses on their clinical decision-making perceptions: A cross-sectional study. Computers in Human Behavior. 2023; 138:107478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107478
24. Kang S, Jung J. Mobile communication for human needs: A comparison of smartphone use between the US and Korea. Computers in Human Behavior. 2014; 35:376-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.024
25. Qutishat M, Rathinasamy Lazarus E, Razmy AM, Packianathan S. University students nomophobia prevalence, sociodemographic factors and relationship with academic performance at a University in Oman. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. 2020; 13:100206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100206
26. León-Mejía AC, Gutiérrez-Ortega M, Serrano-Pintado I, González-Cabrera J. A systematic review on nomophobia prevalence: Surfacing results and standard guidelines for future research. PLoS One. 2021; 16(5):e0250509. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250509
27. Rojas-Jara C, Ramos-Vera J, Pardo-González E, Henríquez-Caroca F. Adicción a internet en adolescentes:Una breve revisión. Drugs and addictive Behavior. 2018; 3:267–81. https://doi.org/10.21501/24631779.2876
28. Buabbas AJ, Aldousari S, Ayed AK, Safar M, Alkandari O. Usefulness of smartphone use among surgeons in clinical practice during the pandemic of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. 2021; 21(1):198. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-021-01563-1
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Investigación y Educación en Enfermería
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Derechos de propiedad / Direitos de Propriedade
English: If the article is accepted for publication, all copyright will be of exclusive property of Investigación y Educación en Enfermería. The text and the graphics included in the publication are exclusive responsibility of the authors and not necessarily reflect the thought of the Editorial Committee.
Español: Si el artículo es aprobado para publicación, todos los derechos son de propiedad de Investigación y Educación en Enfermería. El texto y las gráficas incluidas en la publicación son de exclusiva responsabilidad de los autores y no necesariamente refleja el pensamiento del Comité Editorial.
Português: Se o artigo for aceito para publicação, todos os direitos autorais serão de propriedade exclusiva de Investigación y Educación en Enfermería. O texto e os gráficos incluídos na publicação são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores e não refletem necessariamente o pensamento do Comitê Editorial.
