Métodos para evaluar la tasa de corrosión en aleaciones de magnesio: revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20240102Palabras clave:
Magnesio, Pérdida de masa, Corrosión, Evolución de hidrógeno, Polarización potenciodinámicaResumen
La mayor desventaja del uso de algunas aleaciones de magnesio es su baja resistencia a la corrosión. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de su resistencia a la corrosión es un factor crítico para el desarrollo de nuevas aleaciones y tratamientos superficiales. Las técnicas empleadas para determinar la tasa de corrosión incluyen determinaciones de pérdida de masa, evolución de hidrógeno, polarización potenciodinámica (PP) y espectroscopía de impedancia electroquímica (EIS), pero aún existen dificultades para la estimación precisa de este parámetro en aleaciones de magnesio. En esta revisión, se analizan las aplicaciones, ventajas y desventajas de las técnicas mencionadas antes. Además, se comparan y analizan un gran número de datos de tasa de corrosión reportados para varias aleaciones de Mg en 3 electrolitos diferentes (NaCl, solución de Hanks y SBF), usando pérdida de masa, evolución de hidrógeno y PP. Generalmente, las tasas de corrosión obtenidas mediante pérdida de masa son mayores que las obtenidas por evolución de hidrógeno. Por otro lado, no es posible establecer correlaciones entre tasas de corrosión obtenidas mediante PP y aquellas obtenidas por pérdida de masa y evolución de hidrógeno. Mas aún, se reportan tasas de corrosión muy diferentes para la misma aleación, lo que implica que los procedimientos de medición no están bien estandarizados.
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