Dental anxiety before the first step and after the second step of periodontitis therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v35n2a6Keywords:
Dental anxiety, non-surgical periodontal therapy, periodontal diseasesAbstract
Introducción: las personas que experimentan Ansiedad al tratamiento Dental (AD) pueden evitar las citas odontológicas e incluso posponer los tratamientos, incluyendo el tratamiento periodontal. El objetivo de este estudio fue 1) determinar la AD en pacientes con periodontitis antes del primer paso y después del segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis (tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico) y 2) recopilar características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población estudiada. Métodos: se invitó a participar a pacientes con periodontitis que nunca habían recibido instrumentación subgingival, que asistían a la Clínica de Periodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Del expediente electrónico se obtuvo la siguiente información: estadio periodontal, Índice de Placa (PI) e Índice de Sangrado Gingival (ISG). Se aplicó un cuestionario antes del primer paso y después del segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis. Los datos recolectados incluyeron: factores sociodemográficos, hábitos de tabaquismo, condición de exfumador, dolor y la Escala de Ansiedad Dental de Corah Modificada (MDAS). Resultados: 51 pacientes completaron el estudio, 19 hombres y 32 mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 46 ± 11,16 años. La mayoría de los participantes refirió haber terminado la enseñanza media (37,3%). En cuanto al hábito de fumado, el 46% de los participantes eran no fumadores. De los no fumadores, el 7,8% eran exfumadores. El dolor máximo del paciente en el último mes disminuyó después de completar el segundo paso del tratamiento de la periodontitis (p=0,002). El diagnóstico periodontal más prevalente fue el Estadio III seguido del Estadio II. El PI medio fue del 61,4 % y el GBI medio fue del 39,5 %. El miedo al sonido de los instrumentos rotatorios y los raspadores ultrasónicos mejoró después del tratamiento periodontal. La AD se redujo en comparación con el valor inicial, según la puntuación total del MDAS y para todas las sub-puntuaciones del MDAS. Conclusión: la autopercepción de la AD mejoró en el trascurso del tratamiento periodontal en nuestro entorno clínico.
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