Establecimiento de una base de datos para la elaboración de tablas de contenido nutricional de alimentos para animales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.323805Abstract
Resumen
Con el propósito de diseñar una base de datos que discrimine la composición nutricional de las materias primas más utilizadas en la elaboración de alimentos balanceados para los animales y de aquellos alimentos presentes en la ración, se clasificaron en seis grupos los resultados de los análisis químicos suministrados por las empresas Solla S.A, Concentrados del Campo, Colanta, Concentrados Tribilandia y el laboratorio Integrado de Nutrición Animal, Bioquímica y de Pastos y Forrajes de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad de Antioquia. Los seis grupos en mención son: energéticos, proteicos, fuentes minerales, pastos y forrajes, subproductos vegetales y excretas. Analizando los resultados de las tablas publicadas por Amino acid recommendations, Composición de aminoácidos en piensos, Feed Industry Red Book, Laredo, Laredo y Cuesta, National Research Council, Food Composition and Nutritional Tables, El Comité Nacional de Nutrición de Francia y Pitman-Moore, se observó que la composición nutricional reportada por los autores mencionados y la encontrada en este trabajo, no presenta diferencias marcadas cuando se comparan las materias primas con igual estructura, consistencia y contenido de materia seca. Para la mayoría de las materias primas se calculó la humedad, proteína cruda, cenizas, grasa bruta, calcio y fósforo totales. A algunas de ellas se les determinó fibra en detergente neutra, fibra en detergente ácida, extracto no nitrogenado (por diferencia), energía bruta, peróxidos, acidez, taninos y cloruros. La energía metabolizable y los aminoácidos se obtuvieron por valoración mediante guía nutricional (Nutrition Guide software) en monogástricos.
Palabras clave: alimentos balanceados, análisis químicos, composición nutricional, materias primas, nutrientes.
Sumary
In order to design a data base to determine the nutrition compositon of the Colombian most frequent feed stuffs used in animal processed feed, six groups of results were analysed. These data was delivered by commercial, institutional and private feed mills as follows: Solla SA. Concentrados del Campo, Colanta, Concentrados Tribilandia, the integrated lab of animal nutrition and biochemistry and grases of the University of Antioquia. The six set of data were taken from sources of energy, protein, mineral, grass, forages vegetable byproducts and feces. When this data base was compared with data reported by Aminoacid recommentations, Composition of aminoacids in diets, Feed industry Red book, Laredo, Laredo y Cuesta, National Research Council, Food Composition and nutritional Tables, National Comitee of Nutrition (France) and Pitman-Moore, it was observed by using the Statgraphics 5.0 that sample size, mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, maximum and minimum range, variation coeficient and standard error, in this comparison, that the nutritional composition did not showed significant differences. The comparisons were done with respect to feed stuffs with similar structure, consistency and dry matter content. humidity, crude protein, ashes, ether extract, and total calcium and phosphorus was calculated for the majority of feed stuffs. To some of the feed stuffs there were determine the neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, non nitrogen extract, gross energy, peroxides, pH, tanines and chlorides. The metabolizible energy and amino acids were estimated by the values published by the Nutrition Guide Software in monogastrics. The nutritional content tables present a glossary of statistical terms useful to personnel that works with feed assurance quality and agriculture, students and users.
Key words: animal balanced feed, chemical analysis, composition nutritional, feed stuffs, nutrient, processed feed.
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