Parámetros inmunológicos y hematológicos en ovejas Blackbelly infectadas con nematodos gastrointestinales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v30n3a05Palabras clave:
antígenos, Haemonchus contortus, inmunidad, parásitos, ovinos, Trichostrongylus colubriformisResumen
Antecedentes: La identificación del fenotipo relacionado con la resistencia contra nematodos gastrointestinales (GIN) es necesaria para conocer la inmunidad del huésped en ovejas en producción. Objetivo: Determinar los parámetros hematológicos e inmunológicos (IgA e IgG) en gestación y lactancia en ovejas Blackbelly infectadas naturalmente con GIN. Métodos: Se determinó el número de huevos por gramo de heces (EPG), se identificaron las larvas y se registró el porcentaje del volumen celular aglomerado (% PCV), proteína plasmática (PP) y eosinófilos periféricos durante ocho meses. Además, se colectó suero y saliva para determinar la cinética de IgG e IgA por medio de un ensayo inmuno-enzimático (ELISA) indirecto. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron 2.592 ± 2.403 EPG y 22,2 ± 4,0% PCV durante la lactancia y 595 ± 901 EPG y 25,1 ± 2,5% PCV durante la gestación. Se observó un mayor porcentaje de larvas de Trichostrongylus colubriformis en gestación (84 a 100%) que en lactancia (36 a 44%). La actividad de la IgA en las muestras de suero mostró una marcada reducción después del parto para ambos antígenos de Haemonchus contortus y T. colubriformis (80 a 10%). En saliva, la actividad de la IgA disminuyó de 56 a 30% del día 60 al 45 antes del parto y se mantuvo baja en los primeros 45 días de la lactancia (actividad de 23 a 32%). El número de eosinófilos fue de 2,0 x 109 células L-1 durante la gestación, y se redujo a 0,7 x 109 células L-1 en la lactancia. Conclusión: Las variables estudiadas reflejan la ruptura de la inmunidad contra GIN en ovejas Blackbelly antes y después del parto.
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