Programas de prevención del maltrato infantil, análisis de Triple P y su posible aplicación en Colombia: revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.302Palabras clave:
Educación no Profesional, Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud, Maltrato a los Niños, Prevención primaria, Prevención Secundaria, Prevención TerciariaResumen
Introducción: la experiencia en el mundo de programas poblacionales de prevención del maltrato infantil es amplia, sin embargo, la eficacia científica aplica para pocos. La Society for Prevention Research y el Centro de Información para el Bienestar Infantil Basado en Evidencia de California lideran la cualificación de estas intervenciones.
Objetivos: analizar la evidencia de los programas colectivos de prevención del maltrato con énfasis en Positive Parenting Program (Triple P) como una opción para implementar en jardines infantiles de Colombia.
Metodología: se revisaron MEDLINE, PubMed, ELSEVIER, LILACS, desde las palabras MeSH “Child abuse”, “Child Maltreatment”, “Parenting Education”, “Prevention”, “Program Evaluation”. La búsqueda arrojó 2413 resultados y se incorporaron 76 artículos en el análisis de los programas preventivos del maltrato, profundizando en Triple-P.
Conclusiones: los programas con mejores evidencias incluyen Incredible Years, Early Start, Nurse Family Partnership, Adults and Childrens Together y Triple P. Este último tiene alta eficacia y aceptación en entornos culturales diversos, se ha demostrado su eficacia mediante ensayos poblacionales con buenos resultados en indicadores distales. Triple P se identifica como una buena opción para disminuir el maltrato infantil desde su aplicación en instituciones educativas de la primera infancia en Colombia.
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