Efficacy of aprepitant for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.17365Keywords:
Antiemetics, Aprepitant, Meta-analysis, Postoperative Nausea and VomitingAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of aprepitant compared with other antiemetics for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults who underwent general anesthesia.
Methods: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials with meta-analysis, that evaluated the efficacy of aprepitant in comparatison with other antiemetics for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, antiemetic rescue and adverse effects. The search was done in The Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, LILACS, OVID, PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity was defined with the Cochran Q and I2 statistic, the model fixed and random effects were used, the Mantel-Haenszel for relative risk of each outcome and its respective confidence interval 95% were used.
Results: There was significant difference in favor of aprepitant for the prevention of vomiting at 24 (RR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.38-0.7) and at 48 hours (RR 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.67) but not for nausea at 24 hours (RR 1.16; 95% CI: 0.85-1.6).
Conclusions: Aprepitant prevents postoperative vomiting, but not nausea, at 24 and 48 hours.
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