Determination of sun exposure and photoprotection habits in individuals who perform outdoor exercises, in the Venezuelan Andean region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.169Keywords:
Altitude, Exercise , Primary Prevention , Sunburn , Sunscreening Agents , Ultraviolet RaysAbstract
Background: Frequent and indiscriminate sun exposure has determined an increase in skin cancer rates globally. In Venezuela, reports evaluating sun exposure practices and the use of photoprotection measures are limited.
Objective: To determine sun exposure habits, photoprotection practices and their association with the level of knowledge and attitudes, in individuals who perform outdoor exercises in the Venezuelan Andean region, throughout 2020.
Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Using a digital survey, it was evaluated demographic data, skin phototype, history of sunburn, sun exposure habits, photoprotection practices, perceptions and knowledge.
Results: The sample consisted of 94 participants. Women use sunscreen more often than men, and they make a better use of it. 48.9% have suffered on average about 1 to 10 burns due to outdoor exercises. 70.2% practice physical activities 3 to 5 days per week. 59.2% do not use sunscreen on cloudy days. There was a high risk (13.8%) and a very high risk (4.3%) of developing future melanoma.
Conclusions: The population evaluated has an acceptable level of knowledge about photoprotection. They make frequent but inappropriate use of the sunscreen, and have sun exposure habits that imply considerable doses of ultraviolet radiation; therefore, it is necessary to implement awareness campaigns that promote the adoption of healthy sun exposure habits.
Downloads
References
(1) Revaliente Mera M, Muñoz Ortega MA. Sol, Beneficios y Peligros. Desarrollo Científ Enferm -Méx-. 2011;19(10):348-51.
(2) Holick MF. Biological Effects of Sunlight, Ultraviolet Radiation, Visible Light, Infrared Radiation and Vitamin D for Health. Anticancer Res. 2016;36(3):1345-56.
(3) Cañarte Soledispa K. Radiación Ultravioleta y su efecto en la salud. Ciencia UNEMI. 2015;3(4):26-33.
(4) Cardona-Hernández MA, Fierro-Arias L, Cabrera-Pérez AL, Vidal-Flores AA. Efectos de la radiación electromagnética en la piel. Dermatol Rev Mex. 2017;61(4):292-302.
(5) Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424. DOI 10.3322/caac.21492.
(6) Hobbs C, Nahar VK, Ford MA, Bass MA, Brodell RT. Skin cancer knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in collegiate athletes. Journal of skin cancer. 2014;2014:248198. DOI 10.1155/2014/248198.
(7) Autier P, Boniol M, Doré JF. Sunscreen use and increased duration of intentional sun exposure: still a burning issue. Int J Cancer. 2007;121(1):1-5. DOI 10.1002/ijc.22745.
(8) Reinosa-Valladares M, Betancourt-Reinosa K, Figueredo-Hernández LR, Vásquez-Sánchez L, Ordoñez-Sánchez YC, Canciano-Fernández J. Cambio climático y enfermedades dermatológicas. Rev Cuba Meteorol. 2018;24(sp):419-30.
(9) Huanca-Huirse NL, Roque-Roque JS, Laurel-Vargas VN, Quispe-Sancho AW. Percepción del riesgo de cáncer de piel en un hospital de altura. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana. 2020;20:222-6.
(10) Rivas M, Rojas E, Cortés J, Santander E. Efecto de la altura en la radiación solar ultravioleta en Arica Norte de Chile. Rev Fac Ing UTA (Chile). 2002;10:59-62. DOI 10.4067/S0718-13372002001000007.
(11) de Troya-Martín M, Blázquez-Sánchez N, Rivas-Ruiz F, Fernández-Canedo I, Rupérez-Sandoval A, Pons-Palliser J, et al. Validación de un cuestionario en español sobre comportamientos, actitudes y conocimientos relacionados con la exposición solar: «Cuestionario a pie de playa». Actas dermo-sifiliograficas. 2009;100(7):586-95. DOI 10.1016/S0001-7310(09)71906-4.
(12) Ramos-Gómez LI, Chávez-Caraza KL, Góngora-Cortés JJ, Cantú-Pompa JJ, Rivas-Calderón M, Pliego-López M, et al. Conocimientos y hábitos sobre fotoprotección en un grupo de estudiantes de medicina y médicos del área metropolitana de Monterrey. Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica. 2016;14(1):17-27.
(13) Jennings L, Karia PS, Jambusaria-Pahlajani A, Whalen FM, Schmults CD. The Sun Exposure and Behaviour Inventory (SEBI): validation of an instrument to assess sun exposure and sun protective practices. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27(6):706-15. Epub 2012/04/11. DOI 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.4541.x.
(14) Morales-Sánchez MA, Peralta-Pedrero ML, Domínguez-Gómez MA. Validación de un cuestionario para cuantificar el riesgo de cáncer de piel. Gaceta medica de Mexico. 2014;150(5):409-19.
(15) Williams LH, Shors AR, Barlow WE, Solomon C, White E. Identifying Persons at Highest Risk of Melanoma Using Self-Assessed Risk Factors. J Clin Exp Dermatol Res. 2011;2(6):1000129. DOI 10.4172/2155-9554.1000129.
(16) OMS, Organización Meteorológica Mundial, Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente, Comisión Internacional de Protección contra la Radiación no Ionizante. Índice UV solar mundial, guía práctica. Ginebra: OMS; 2003.
(17) Aceituno-Madera P, Buendía-Eisman A, Olmo FJ, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Serrano-Ortega S. Melanoma, altitud y radiación UVB. Actas dermo-sifiliograficas. 2011;102(3):199-205. DOI 10.1016/j.ad.2010.08.003.
(18) Romaní F, Ramos C, Posso M, Rúa O, Rojas J, Siccha M, et al. Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre protección solar en Internos de Medicina de cinco hospitales generales de Lima y Callao. Folia dermatol Peru. 2005;16(2):61-6.
(19) Cardoso FAMES, Mesquita GV, Campelo V, Martins MDCCE, Almeida CAPL, Rabelo RS, et al. Prevalence of photoprotection and its associated factors in risk group for skin cancer in Teresina, Piauí. An Bras Dermatol. 2017 Mar-Apr;92(2):206-210. DOI 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20174831.
(20) Laffargue JA, Merediz J, Buján MM, Pierini AM. Sun protection questionnaire in Buenos Aires adolescent athletes. Archivos argentinos de pediatria. 2011;109(1):30-5. DOI 10.1590/s0325-00752011000100008.
(21) Stanton WR, Janda M, Baade PD, Anderson P. Primary prevention of skin cancer: a review of sun protection in Australia and internationally. Health Promot Int. 2004;19(3):369-78. DOI 10.1093/heapro/dah310.
(22) Falk M, Anderson CD. Influence of age, gender, educational level and self-estimation of skin type on sun exposure habits and readiness to increase sun protection. Cancer Epidemiol. 2013;37(2):127-32. DOI 10.1016/j.canep.2012.12.006.
(23) Christoph S, Cazzaniga S, Hunger RE, Naldi L, Borradori L, Oberholzer PA. Ultraviolet radiation protection and skin cancer awareness in recreational athletes: a survey among participants in a running event. Swiss med Wkly. 2016;146:w14297. DOI 10.4414/smw.2016.14297.
(24) Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA), Queensland University of Technology. Testing and Evaluating Aerosol Sunscreens: Report. Brisbane: ARPANSA; 2020.
(25) Etzkorn JR, Parikh RP, Marzban SS, Law K, Davis AH, Rawal B, et al. Identifying risk factors using a skin cancer screening program. Cancer control. 2013;20(4):248-54. DOI 10.1177/107327481302000402.
(26) Villasmil S, Fernández C, Calderón L, Morillo S. Evaluación del factor de protección solar requerido (SPF) y el tiempo de protección natural (IPN) de la piel. Revista de la Facultad de Farmacia. 2004;46(1).
(27) Aluma-Tenorio MS, Osorio-Ciro JA, Muñoz-Monsalve AM, Jaimes N, Ávila-Álvarez A, Tamayo-Betancur MC. Evaluación de la exposición solar y las medidas de fotoprotección en deportistas del Valle de Aburrá en el 2018. Iatreia. 2019;32:184-90.
(28) Doncel Molinero D, Ruiz Paulano M, Rivas Ruiz F, Blázquez Sánchez N, de Gálvez Aranda MV, de Castro Maqueda G, et al. Sun Protection Behaviour and Sunburns in Spanish Cyclists. J Cancer Educ. 2020. DOI 10.1007/s13187-020-01906-y.
(29) Dennis LK, Vanbeek MJ, Beane Freeman LE, Smith BJ, Dawson DV, Coughlin JA. Sunburns and risk of cutaneous melanoma: does age matter? A comprehensive meta-analysis. Ann Epidemiol. 2008;18(8):614-27. DOI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2008.04.006.
(30) Rodríguez-Zamorano P, Puebla-Tornero L, Martín-Santos LM, Román-Villaizán ML, Guerra-Tapia A. A cross-sectional study of the impact of educational information on topical photoprotection habits in medical students. Semergen. 2018;44(6):420-9. DOI 10.1016/j.semerg.2018.02.004.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Iatreia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Papers published in the journal are available for use under the Creative Commons license, specifically Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
The papers must be unpublished and sent exclusively to the Journal Iatreia; the author uploading the contribution is required to submit two fully completed formats: article submission and authorship responsibility.
