Effects of Coca-Cola® drink on hard dental tissues, restorative materials and orthodontic appliances: state of the art
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v37n1e357892Keywords:
Coca-Cola®, carbonated beverages, dental enamel, dental materials, orthodonticsAbstract
The objective of this article was to present the state of the art on the effects of Coca-Cola® drink on hard dental tissues, restorative materials, and orthodontic appliances. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and EbscoHost databases to identify relevant studies on this issue. The inclusion criteria were: studies published in English within the last 15 years (2010-2025) that assessed the effects of Coca-Cola® on hardness, nanoindentation, flexural strength, fracture toughness, surface roughness, solubility, corrosion, changes in surface micromorphology, chemical composition of hard dental tissues and/or restorative materials and/or orthodontic appliances, comparing the results with artificial saliva, distilled water, or other solutions/beverages. Excessive exposure to Coca-Cola® leads to a reduction in the elasticity modulus and hardness and promotes enamel demineralization. Furthermore, it increases roughness in enamel and dentin and generates erosive effects on root cementum. Prolonged contact with the beverage diminishes the microhardness and flexural strength of some composite resins. Similarly, it increases roughness and surface degradation of these resin-based materials. Glass ionomer cements, particularly conventional ones, are highly susceptible to the erosive action of Coca-Cola®, whereas ceramic, hybrid, and resin-based CAD/CAM materials appear to be highly resistant. In the context of orthodontics, exaggerated exposure to Coca-Cola® increases the release of metallic ions/risk of corrosion of appliances and decreases the strength of orthodontic elastic chains. In conclusion, the studies showed that excessive consumption of Coca-Cola® drink could generate detrimental effects on hard dental tissues, restorative materials, and orthodontic appliances.
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