Efectos y aplicación clínica de los cannabinoides para el tratamiento de enfermedad periodontal: revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v36n1a7

Palabras clave:

cannabis, cannabinoides, canabidiol, periodontitis, enfermedades periodontales

Resumen

Introducción: los cannabinoides tienen una amplia gama de efectos biológicos y actualmente se utilizan con fines terapéuticos en la medicina moderna. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue determinar los efectos y la aplicación clínica de los cannabinoides como alternativa terapéutica para la enfermedad periodontal. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática de acuerdo con las recomendaciones del manual Cochrane para revisar sistemáticas para responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuál es el efecto de la terapia no quirúrgica con cannabidiol en comparación con la terapia no quirúrgica convencional en el nivel de inserción en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal? ¿Cuáles son los efectos biológicos y microbiológicos potenciales de los cannabinoides para el tratamiento de la periodontal? Resultados: de un total de 59 estudios potenciales, se excluyeron 26 estudios en el primer filtro y se procedió a revisar 33 estudios en texto completo. Solo se identificó un estudio clínico en humanos con sesgo alto. Los estudios in vitro y en animales demostraron que los cannabinoides tienen un potencial bactericida, antiinflamatorio y modulador de la reabsorción ósea periodontal. Conclusiones: no existe suficiente evidencia científica que demuestre que los derivados del cannabis pueden ser implementados en la terapéutica de la enfermedad periodontal. Los estudios preclínicos muestran potencial terapéutico, pero todavía falta por estudiar su aplicación en humanos.

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Biografía del autor/a

Laura García-Gutiérrez, Universidad de Antioquia

Estudiante de Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

Yuliana Hoyos-Castrillón, Universidad de Antioquia

Estudiante de Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

Sara Garcés-Londoño, Universidad de Antioquia

Estudiante de Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

Sandra Jaimes-Ríos, Universidad de Antioquia

Estudiante de Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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Publicado

2024-02-14

Cómo citar

García-Gutiérrez, L., Hoyos-Castrillón, Y., Garcés-Londoño, S., & Jaimes-Ríos, S. (2024). Efectos y aplicación clínica de los cannabinoides para el tratamiento de enfermedad periodontal: revisión sistemática. Revista Facultad De Odontología Universidad De Antioquia, 36(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfo.v36n1a7