Parasites and rickettsia in Creole horses from the flooded savanna of Colombia: risk factors
Parásitos y rickettsias en caballos criollos de la sabana inundable de Colombia: factores de riesgo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.e358966Keywords:
Arauca, Amblyomma mixtum, Anaplasma spp., Horsefly, Orinoquia, Stomoxys calcitrans, Strongylus equinus, Ticks, Trypanosoma evansiAbstract
Background: In the flooded savannah of Colombia’s Orinoquia region, Creole horse breeds are used for transportation, livestock handling or sporting events, which makes them valuable in animal production systems and part of the Llanero culture. However, health care is scarce, being susceptible to diseases caused by different pathogens or parasites. Objective: To identify the different groups of parasites that affect Criollo horses breed and their crosses in the flooded savannah subregion of the Arauca department, Colombia. Methods: Coprological (i), hematological (ii) and ectoparasite (iii) samples were taken from 94 horses from 24 farms in three municipalities of this region. Questionnaire was applied to relate risk factors (sex, season control and location) to the presence or absence of parasites or rickettsia. To determine the statistical differences between the parasite species, the Student t test and ANOVA were used (p ≤ 0.05). Results: 91.5% of horses were infected with one or more parasites, while 87.5% of farms were positive. A total of 24 parasite species and one rickettsia species were identified. Strongylus spp., Oxyuris equi, Neobalantidium coli and Blepharocorys valvata were associated with the sex of the horses. While Strongylus edentatus, Strongylus equinus, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi, Triodontophorus spp., Cycloposthium compressum, Cycloposthium elongatum, Blepharocorys spp., Amblyomma mixtum and Dermacentor nitens were associated with previously dewormed horses. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was associated with all risk factors evaluated in this study. Conclusions: This study identified a variety of parasite species that could represent a risk to the health of this breed of horse, given that species that are not common in these domestic animals were recorded. On the other hand, highlighting the presence of A. phagocytophilum, A. mixtum, Entamoeba spp. and Strongylus spp., species registered as zoonotic, so additional studies would be necessary to classify these species.
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