Prebióticos, probióticos y tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) para pollo de engorde: rendimiento, características de la canal y variables sanguíneas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v30n1a01Palabras clave:
aditivo alimenticio, conversión alimenticia, ganancia de peso, nutrición de pollosResumen
Antecedentes: un ambiente estresante predispone las aves de engorde a diferentes enfermedades. Los probióticos, prebióticos y aceites esenciales pueden ser una alternativa a los antibióticos en la producción de pollos de engorde. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto del Fermacto (prebiótico), del Bioplus 2B (probiótico) y del aceite esencial de tomillo sobre el crecimiento, las características de la canal y de los órganos, y parámentros hematológicos de pollos de engorde “Ross” durante 42 días. Métodos: quinientos sesenta pollos de engorde fueron asignados aleatoriamente a siete grupos dietarios (con 20 pollos en cada grupo), con cuatro repeticiones. Las dietas contenían 1 o 2 g/Kg de Fermacto, 1 o 2 g/Kg de Bioplus 2B y 0.5 o 1 g/Kg de aceite esencial de tomillo. También se incluyó un grupo control (sin aditivos). Resultados: en comparación con el grupo control, el Fermacto, el Bioplus 2B y el aceite esencial de tomillo aumentaron la ganancia de peso corporal y la ingesta de alimento. El índice de conversión alimenticia (FCR) se vió mejorado con 2 g/Kg de Fermacto. La suplementación con 1 g/Kg de aceite esencial de tomillo causó el aumento del FCR, pero al mismo tiempo redujo el peso relativo de los muslos y de las alas. Se observaron pocas diferencias en las variables sanguineas entre los grupos. Conclusión: Fermacto, Bioplus 2B y el aceite esencial de tomillo mejoraron la ganancia diaria de peso de los pollos de engorde, pero con un efecto limitado sobre las características de la canal, de los órganos y de los constituyentes del plasma.
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