Caracterização de laudos de aspirados de medula óssea em cães e gatos: estudo retrospectivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v38n2a9Palavras-chave:
animais de estimação, aspirados de medula óssea, doenças do cão, doenças do gato, hematologia, hiperplasia, medula óssea, neoplasiasResumo
Antecedentes: A aspiração da medula óssea permite o estudo, estadiamento e monitorização de múltiplas entidades com envolvimento medular; O laudo é componente essencial da etapa posanalítica e os itens estabelecidos por cada instituição influenciam significativamente o entendimento e a tomada de decisão do médico assistente. Objetivo: Descrever as características zoográficas, clínicas e de qualidade, bem como a frequência dos diagnósticos e seus fatores associados nos relatos de aspirados de medula óssea de cães e gatos atendidos em centros veterinários na Colômbia durante o período 2012-2023. Métodos: Estudo descritivo transversal. Dos laudos de aspirados de medula óssea e das interconsultas, foram extraídas variáveis zoográficas e clínicas e determinadas a frequência dos diagnósticos e os fatores associados a eles. A adesão às variáveis de qualidade do relato foi avaliada por meio de diretrizes contrastantes para o relato de aspirados de medula óssea em cães, gatos e humanos. Resultados: De 8 instituições veterinárias foram obtidos 135 laudos de aspirados de medula óssea, 116 cães e 19 gatos, com idade média de 5,22 ± 3 anos, 53% eram do sexo masculino; A indicação mais frequente foi anemia persistente isolada ou acompanhada de outra alteração. Os itens com menor adesão na notificação dos resultados foram locais da punção (91,9%), dados clínicos relevantes (85,2%) e avaliação morfológica por linha (52,6%). 27,4% dos laudos foram excluídos por motivos associados à qualidade da amostra. O diagnóstico mais comum em cães foi hipoplasia (36,1%) e em gatos neoplasia (40,0%); A hiperplasia e a neoplasia eritróide foram mais comuns nos homens, enquanto a hipoplasia granulocítica foi mais comum nas mulheres. Conclusões: O estudo da medula óssea como ferramenta diagnóstica em cães e gatos tratados na Colômbia é raro. Foi encontrada uma percentagem significativa de amostras que não atendiam aos critérios de qualidade e baixa adesão às diretrizes para reporte de resultados.
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