Características maternas e desenlaces neonatais durante a emergência sanitária por COVID-19 em um hospital de referência de atenção materno-neonatal em Medellín, Colômbia. Estúdio de corte
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e353547Palavras-chave:
Covid-19, avaliação de resultados de cuidados de saúde, pandemia, saúde infantil, serviços de saúde infantilResumo
Objetivo: Comparar as características maternas e os resultados neonatais durante a emergência sanitária da Covid-19 com o mesmo período epidemiológico do ano anterior à pandemia.
Metodologia: Estúdio de corte em dois momentos, de 970 binômios materno-neonatais durante janeiro-dezembro de 2020 (grupo pandêmico) e mesmo período de 2019 (grupo pré-pandêmico), em um hospital terciário de Medellín, Colômbia. As informações foram obtidas em prontuários para as variáveis de interesse; Em seguida, comparou-se a frequência entre os dois grupos, calculando-se razões de prevalência e qui-quadrado.
Resultados: foram incluídos 483 pares na pré-pandemia e 487 na pandemia. Neste último, houve menor cobertura vacinal neonatal (9,7 vs. 4,6%; p < 0,001; RP:1,49; IC 95%: 1,26-1,76) e prevalência de malformações congênitas (8,2 vs. 14,2%; p = 0,002). ; RP: 0,73; IC 95%: 0,57-0,94). Não houve diferenças no nascimento prematuro, mortalidade, hospitalização neonatal ou reinternação. Na pandemia, o controle pré-natal adequado foi menor (19,1 vs. 28,6%; p = 0,001; RP: 1,41; IC 95%: 1,19-1,67) e comorbidades detectadas no parto (6, 4 vs. 10,8%; p = 0,014; rp: 0,69; IC 95%: 0,52-0,93) e maior frequência de obesidade (6,6 vs. 3,5%; p = 0,03, RP: 1,42, IC 95%: 1,13-1,79).
Conclusões: A pandemia da Covid-19 impactou a assistência ao binômio materno-neonatal, especialmente com a diminuição da cobertura vacinal, a redução na detecção de comorbidades maternas e malformações congênitas, e na realização adequada dos controles pré-natais, por isso é importante fortalecer os programas de atenção primária e focar estratégias nos determinantes que modificam os resultados neonatais.
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