Avances en la búsqueda y desarrollo de quimioprofilácticos causales para malaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.v30n2a06Palabras clave:
In vivo, malaria, plasmodium, quimioprofilaxisResumen
La malaria es una enfermedad infecciosa de importancia epidemiológica mundial, producida por diferentes especies del género Plasmodium. La quimioprofilaxis causal (QC) evita la infección y/o el desarrollo de las formas hepáticas de Plasmodium spp. Considerando recientemente la QC como una estrategia para reducir la carga de morbimortalidad en regiones endémicas para malaria, en el marco de programas para el control, la eliminación o la posible erradicación de la enfermedad, se hizo una revisión no sistemática de la literatura para conocer el estado del avance de las investigaciones sobre quimioprofilácticos causales en modelos in vivo para malaria, para aportar al conocimiento, presentando un panorama actualizado sobre el tema, y llamar la atención acerca de la importancia y la necesidad de nuevos medicamentos con efecto quimioprofiláctico. Para ello, se consultaron las bases de datos: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar y la página oficial de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), combinando los descriptores o palabras clave: chemoprophylaxis, quimioprofilaxis, malaria, Plasmodium e in vivo. Luego de revisar 33 artículos de la literatura mundial y 4 informes de la OMS, publicados entre los años 1995 y 2015, se concluye que la molécula semi- sintética NCP-tazopsina y las moléculas sintéticas: KAF156 (imidazolpiperazina) y tafenoquina (8 aminoquinolina), son los agentes QC más promisorios en el momento. Estas moléculas pueden convertirse en una alternativa para el control de la malaria en un futuro cercano.
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