Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of the Pediatric Population with Urolithiasis in Three Institutions in the Coffee Region of Colombia from 2016 to 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.254Keywords:
Colombia, Metabolism, Urolithiasis, PediatricsAbstract
Introduction: The incidence of urolithiasis in children continues to increase and most have predisposing metabolic, infectious or anatomical factors, however, we are unaware of its clinical behavior in our setting.
Objectives: To identify the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with urolithiasis.
Methodology: Multicenter cross-sectional study conducted from 2016-2019 in patients between 0-18 years old from three institutions in the Coffee Region (Colombia) with an imaging diagnosis or stone recovery in urine. Information was obtained from electronic medical records.
Results: 64 patients were included and the median age was 12 years with a female to male ratio of 1:1.13. 27% were overweight and obese and 33% had a family history. The most common clinical signs were abdominal pain (58%), urinary tract infection and hematuria. 59% presented some metabolic alteration: hypercalciuria was the most frequent (34%) followed by hypocitraturia (17%). The main stone composition was calcium oxalate and carbonate (36%). Cystinuria was confirmed in one patient. Ultrasound was the most used imaging. Conservative treatment was done in 46 children (72%). Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was the most common surgical intervention. 34% of patients recurred and there were complications in 51%. The main complication was urinary tract obstruction (37%), with higher risk at younger age and lower weight.
Conclusions: Urolithiasis was more common in adolescents, the main symptom was abdominal pain and ultrasound was the imaging of choice. Most children received conservative management and the high percentage of metabolic disorders reinforces the importance of screening.
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